已有相當多的研究指出，陸上的增強式訓練不論是針對運動員或非運動員均會增加 肌力及爆發力、關節功能及穩定度與增加跑步經濟性等。然而由於此一能力的增加與肌 肉伸張反射、高離心落地及增強式訓練型態之爆發本質有關，因此容易造成急性肌肉酸 痛甚或肌肉損傷等。因此，本研究目的在探討水中從事增強式訓練是否可以藉著水的浮 力減少離心落地所帶來的衝擊力量，而又可以提供足夠的刺激，達到像在陸上一樣的生 理效果及運動表現。方法是以20 名甲一級男子籃球運動代表隊為研究對象，每位受試 者分別接受8 週陸上或水中增強式訓練；所有前測項目均在季前期開始前一週內完成。 前測完成後將20 名隊員隨機分成水中及陸上增強式訓練二組，展開為期8 週之季前期 訓練計畫並依組別分別將一週2 次，每次60 分鐘之水中或陸上增強式訓練融入訓練計 畫中；再於第6 週及第8 週施予中測及後測。所得資料以混合設計二因子（2 訓練方法 × 3 時間）變異數分析（two-way ANOVA），分析不同訓練方式對下肢等速最大力矩、爆 發力、速度、無氧動力、無氧能力及肌肉損傷之影響是否有顯著差異。以α＝ .05 為顯 著水準。雖然水中浮力可以減少伸張反射及離心落地的力量，但運動員在水中卻因為水 阻力的關係，必須對抗比在陸上更大的阻力，因此，本研究結果預期可瞭解陸上與水中 增強式訓練對下肢肌力、速度、爆發力及肌肉損傷之影響情形。
Numerous studies have reported that land-based plyometrics can improve muscular strength, anaerobic capacity, joint stability, and running economy; however, due to the intense nature of plyometric training, the potential for acute muscle damage. Performance of aquatic plyometric training (APT) could lead to similar benefits, but with reduced risks due to the buoyance of water, Unfortunately, there is little information regarding the physiological effects of APT. Thus, the purpose of this study is to examine the effects of APT on muscular strength, sprint velocity, power and muscle damage in basketball players. Methods: Twenty male college basketball players are randomly assigned to perform 8 wk of APT or land exercise twice weekly, both in addition to traditional preseason basketball training. All baseline testing are completed one week before the beginning of preseason training. The testing are measured at baseline and after 6 and 8 wk. Analyses of variance (two-way ANOVA) with measures (2×3) are used to examine changes in isokinetic torque production, power, speed, anaerobic capacity and muscle damage. All data are x±SD with measures with a significance level of α= .05. Although buoyancy reduces the stretch reflex and eccentric landing force during APT, athletes encounter greater than normal resistance during concentric movement because of the viscosity of water. We expect the aquatic plyometrics provide the same performance enhancement benefits as land plyometrics with significantly less muscle soreness.
