| 摘要: | 本研究旨在探討分手情傷者參與心理位移團體之經驗。研究資料來源為五位有情緒調適困難的分手情傷者參與心理位移團體後的訪談逐字稿，共計12.5小時。團體共進行8次，每週一次，每次3小時。資料分析採現象學取向資料分析方法進行，研究結果如下：
一、心理位移團體之情緒調適經驗：
(一)書寫層面的情緒調適經驗：在各位格的情緒調適經驗中「我」位格的經驗為「情緒抒發與表達」、「書寫初期有負面情緒感受，書寫後期負面感受減弱」。「你」位格的經驗為「同理同在」、「調節情緒」、「心疼自己」。「他」位格的經驗有「跳出情緒」、「感受到情傷嚴重度降低」、「守護陪伴」、「幫助接受沈溺負面情緒的自己」。「你」、「他」位格併存的經驗為「「你」、「他」理性看待分手情傷」、「「你」、「他」轉換角度，情緒感受或表現減少」。「再回到我」的經驗為「情傷感受減低」、「情緒較滿」、「頓悟情緒的意義，了解自我」。整體心理位移書寫之情緒調適經驗包含「書寫幫助情緒改變」、「真實面對，接受情緒不壓抑」及「同理了解」、「有注意自己情緒狀態做調適」、「隔離情緒」。
(二)團體層面的情緒調適經驗：包括「同理了解」、「有人陪伴不孤單」、「從團體感受被關心」、「分享幫助感受情緒不壓抑」、「接納自己仍在情傷狀態」、「團體幫助情緒抒發或表達」、「感受面對情傷的普同感」、「團體幫助轉換角度看待情傷」、「團體幫助面對情緒」、「團體幫助調適情緒」、「透過分享的映照，覺察隱藏的情緒」、「團體互動為心情帶來平靜或安心」、「團體分享幫助對未來有期待」、「專注目標是情緒調適的方法」、「情緒調適的方法細膩度增加」。
二、心理位移團體之非關情緒調適經驗：
(一)書寫層面的非關情緒調適經驗：各位格的特性中「我」位格的特性包含「感性」、「感受負面情緒狀態」、「直接」、「情緒保留」、「主觀」及「貼近自我」。你」位格的特性為「如靠近的第三者」、「提供建議」、「提醒」、「中立客觀」。「他」位格的特性有「如疏遠的第三者」、「理性」、「冷靜沒有情緒」、「書寫困難的原因：不夠貼近、難以轉換，無法跳脫」、「提醒」、「自我祝福」、「確認接下來要做的事」、「旁觀」、「不用擔心他人想法」、「初期內容較少」。「你」、「他」併存的特性為「「你」、「他」沒有擴大看事情的角度」。「再回到我」位格的特性為「表達直接不隱藏」及「自我整理」、「整合與全面思考」。整體心理位移書寫之非關情緒調適經驗的為「來自不同角度的個人觀點」、「書寫幫助分析探索」、「心理位移書寫可拓展思考」、「在意他人觀感而書寫保留」、「在沒有時間壓力下書寫較全面」、「同時描述事件與感受情緒需要專注力，較感緊繃」、「情緒感受是全有全無的」、「心理位移書寫和一般書寫的比較」。
(二)團體層面的非關情緒調適經驗：包括1.「團體互動中的經驗」包含「團體氣氛舒服自在」、「團體同質性增加接納同理」、「團體有凝聚向心力與聚焦」、「團體參與的開放度深」、「團體互動可釐清事件」、「團體幫助引導看見他人的優點」、「快速走出情傷的壓力在團體中較少」、「不用太在注意情緒，而是要了解人類本質的規則」、「團體分享幫助提醒」、「帶來正向」。2.「團體中的個人內在經驗」包含「擔心他人觀感」；3.「團體的助益性」包含「團體幫助自我覺察」、「團體幫助增加想法」、「團體幫助能夠做自己」、「受成員分享的影響，期待能夠坦率表達情緒」、「擔心自己復原狀態」、「以理性與經驗來設定團體的投入程度」、「希望在團體得到肯定的形象」。4.「團體內書寫的獨特經驗」包含「第一次團體因不知道正確書寫方法而緊張」、「團體內書寫整體、投入」、「團體內書寫帶來真實的人際支持」、「在家書寫，團體直接分享更深入」、「團體時間太少」。
The purpose of this study is to understand the experience among broken-up participants in an group applying the psychological displacement paradigm in diary-writing.
Data were collected from post-group, in-depth interviews with five members who participated in an group held weekly, with a total of eight sessions (3 hours per session). Duration of the interviews amounted to 12.5 hours. The data were analyzed by the applying phenomenon-oriented methodology to the interview transcripts, as the results are shown as follows:
1. The experience of emotional adjustment
(A) The experience of emotional adjustment in terms of writing: The characteristics of the experience of “I pronoun” include “emotion expression and release”, and “having negative feelings at the initial stage, while finding them ease at the later stages”; the characteristics of the experience of “you pronoun” include “empathy”, “emotion regulation”, and “comforting the self”; the characteristics of the experience of “he pronoun” include “not indulging in negative emotions”, “feeling less influenced by the breakup experience”, “alliance”, and “accepting the hurt self”; the characteristics of the shared experience of “you pronoun” and “he pronoun” include “perceiving the breakup event rationally”, and “reduction of negative feelings due to changing perspectives”; the characteristics of the experience of “back to I pronoun” include “reduction of the negative feelings related to the breakup experience”, “full of emotions”, and “having insight into one’s emotions and self”; the characteristics of the whole writing experience include “different feelings”, “being genuine to one’s own emotions without repressing them”, “being empathic”, “paying attention to one’s own emotional state while making adjustments”, and “separation of negative feelings”.
(B) The experience of emotional adjustment in terms of the group: The characteristics include “being empathic”, “less loneliness due to feeling accompanied by others”, “feeling others’ concern about oneself”, “less repression of negative feelings due to experience sharing”, “discovering common emotions among breakup experiences”, “the power which changes one’s own perspective on the breakup experience”, “the power which allows one to face one’s negative emotions”, “the power which allows one to adjust one’s negative emotions”, “awareness of one’s deep emotions through experience sharing”, “feeling peaceful due to the interactions in the group”, “looking forward to the future due to the experience sharing of the group”, “focusing on one’s goal as a way to adjust one’s negative emotions”, and “adjusting emotions in a more mature way”.
2. The experience other than emotional adjustment
(A) The experience other than emotional adjustment in terms of writing: The characteristics of the experience of “I pronoun” include “sensitivity”, “feeling the negative emotions”, “outspokenness”, “holding emotions”, “subjectivity”, and “closeness to the self”; the characteristics of the experience of “you pronoun” include “feeling like the approach of a third person”, “giving suggestions”, “reminding”, and “objectivity”; the characteristics of the experience of “he pronoun” include “feeling like the alienation of a third person”, “rationality”, “calmness without any emotions”, “difficulties in writing: not being close enough, difficulty in transferring into another pronoun, and being incapable of avoiding indulging in negative emotions”, “reminding”, “self-blessing”, “confirming what to do next”, “looking on”, “not worrying about other’s thoughts”, and “less contents at the early stages”; the characteristic of the shared experience of “you pronoun” and “he pronoun” includes “not broadening perspectives”; the characteristics of the experience of “back to I pronoun” include “expressing oneself directly”, “ego integrity”, and “integration of perspectives”; the characteristics of the whole experience other than emotional adjustment include “change in standpoints from different point of views”, “self-exploration through writing”, “broadening perspectives through writing”, “conservative writing style due to social desirability”, “being able to make a more all-round description of one’s experience under no time pressure”, “feeling tight due to the requirement of focus to portray events and emotions”, “following an all-or-none principle in terms of emotions”, and “comparison between psychological displacement writing and normal writing”.
(B) The experience other than emotional adjustment in terms of the group: The characteristics include: 1. the experience of group interaction, including “comfortable group atmosphere”, “more acceptance and empathy due to the homogeneous group”, “high degree of group cohesion”, “being willing to go deep”, “clarification of events”, “discovering other’s merits”, “reduction of the pressure of working through the breakup experience rapidly”, “reminding through experience sharing”, and “bringing positive feelings”; 2. the inner experience among the participants in the group, including “worrying about what others think”; 3. the benefits of the group, including “self-awareness”, “increasing thoughts”, “looking forward to expressing feelings directly”, “worrying about one’s resilience”, “setting the degree of group involvement by one’s experience and rationality”, and “hoping to make a positive impression on others”; 4. and the unique experience of psychological displacement writing in the group, including “being nervous during the first session due to lack of understanding of writing in the right way”, “feeling concentrated”, “true support from others”, “deeper experience sharing if psychological displacement writing is allowed to be done at home”, and “insufficiency of a single session duration”. |
