蘇聯劇變給俄國史研究帶來巨大衝擊，蘇聯時期一統史學研究的形態史觀受到置疑。許多俄羅斯史學家期望從新的角度，以新的史觀為指導研究自己國家的歷史。本文探討俄國史研究從蘇聯時期的形態史觀到獨立俄羅斯的文明史觀的轉變情況，說明俄羅斯歷史研究具有向多維化發展的趨勢。在俄羅斯歷史研究和教學中，應當考慮到這方面的變化。
The radical changes of Soviet Union have greatly affected the approaches to Russian History and the dominant formational approach in the period of Soviet Union was severely questioned. Many scholars expect to study the history of their motherland from new angles and from new historical approaches. This paper is to probe into the changes from the formational approach to the perspective of civiliaztion of the independent Russia and explain the multiple perspectives of study. The trend and changes should be taken into consideration in the research and teaching of Russian History.
