| 摘要: | 「乞丐」一詞，就字義解，是索求、乞討之義，爾後衍生指社會中以行乞為生的特殊群體。本論文從清代三百○四種具故事性的筆記中，整理出202則乞丐故事，從中觀察發現，乞丐成因百分之九十不離貧、病因素，也有的是礙於習俗出外當乞丐，或自願為丐者。他們或偽裝可憐狀，或憑本事演藝，或使詐騙勒索技倆等來獲得財物，有些還因此致富。這些乞丐成份良莠不齊，表現出的性格形象也有很大的差異，就故事所見，他們具有濟弱扶困、拾金不昧、守節盡孝、知恩圖報、自勵上進、特立獨行等形象；但也看到他們對社會的影響力。身處窘境卻表現著忠孝節義德行的乞丐，成了人們教育子女與學習的典範；反之，為乞得財物，或與詐騙集團合作、或組丐幫滋事等擾亂社會治安，對清人生活造成一定的影響。
”Beggar”, the word definitions, and is asking, begging and then derivative refers to special groups of the society living by begging. This paper from 304 dickent notes in the Manchu dynasty, compiled 202 beggar story, from which the observed, Cause 90% does not leave the poor beggar, disease factors, some are due to practices overseas when beggars, or to beg, on a voluntary basis. They pipe or poor, or capable of performing arts, or scam extortion tactics to get the property, some are so rich. These beggars composition varies greatly, show character image also has a lot of differences, story can see, they have weak supporting the livelihood, not to pocket the money one has picked up, feast filial piety, and honest Abe, self-excitation mobility, Maverick image; but see their influence on society. Are in a predicament has just loyalty filial piety chastity and righteousness virtues of beggars, became a model of the education of their children and learning, conversely, to cadge property, or in cooperation with the fraud syndicate, GaiBang or group cause trouble to disrupt public order, have a certain effect on the Manchu dynasty lives. |
