植栽對戶外熱舒適之影響研究

文化大學機構典藏 CCUR > 環境規劃暨生物資源學院 > 環境設計學院 > 建築及都市設計學系所 > 博碩士論文 > Item 987654321/28294

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题名:	植栽對戶外熱舒適之影響研究 An Investigation into the Effects of Trees on Outdoor Thermal Comfort
作者:	陳慶融
贡献者:	建築及都市設計學系
关键词:	熱舒適理論蒸發散理論生理等效溫度計算流體力學植栽配置
日期:	2014
上传时间:	2014-09-30 14:22:22 (UTC+8)
摘要:	都市提升人民生活的便利性，也造成大量的人工地盤，加上現今廢熱排放與植栽、裸地不足的情況，造成都市戶外熱環境不舒適，擴大了都市熱島影響範圍，都市溫熱環境關係到人類居住舒適度與品質，依環境特性規劃植栽可改善都市微氣候、減少能源消耗並提升都市生活品質，植栽配置具有擋風、導風與降溫效果，以達到節能與調節都市微氣候等功能，本研究延續林家伃(2014) 植栽結構與配置對風環境之影響，針對植栽與建築物間之區域進行環境熱舒適之探討，瞭解綠植栽對環境熱舒適之影響程度，提出植栽規劃中之配置方法，利用實際測量與計算流體力學(Computational Fluid Dynamics，CFD)為預測與分析之工具，藉由實地量測數值驗證CFD之假設是否合理，根據實驗結果提出改善都市微氣候植栽配置之建議，評估不同植栽配置對於人體舒適度影響，瞭解植栽配置對環境熱舒適之影響程度，本研究之數值模擬所得資料，以無因次法(non-dimensional method)解析，並繪製無因次圖表，透過此圖表設計者可於設計階段量測基地之不受遮蔽風速(Ur)，並且經由配置狀況，將基本數值帶入本研究所得之回歸公式，即可初步預估植栽與建築物間生理等效溫度(Physiological Equivalent Temperature，PET)。部分研究結果得知，初始風速(u0)設定越大PET數值越低、變化程度越顯著，PET數據最小相差為2.1%(u0=1 m/s)、數據最大相差為5.9%(u0=9 m/s)，且測點越接近建築物，計算所得之PET變化程度越顯著；喬木灌木混合使用下，顯示蒸發散量越大較能穩定周遭環境舒適度，當蒸發散為0.127 mm/day時PET平均上昇2.98%、上升0.872℃，當蒸發散為0.078 mm/day時PET平均上昇8.03%、上昇2.392℃；當植栽與建築物間未產生不穩定的空氣漩渦情況下，植栽與建築物距離越遠，植栽與建築物間之區域風速衰減幅度越大、熱感受越舒適、生理應力感受程度越輕微。 Urbanization offers more convenient life in the city, however large amount of artificial sites, wasted heat emission and lack of green space caused discomfort in outdoors open space. According to previous studies, different trees configuration has wind breaking, wind deflection, and cooling effect resulted in difference comfort level. This study is a continuation of previous research, an investigation into the tree structure and layouts of tree on the effects of wind environment (Chia-Yu Lin, 2014), investigate the effects of different planting configuration, as well as environmental impact on thermal comfort for further design principles. This study used field measurement and Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) as research methodology, using field measurement’s data to verify the creditability of CFD result and condensed into simple graphs using the non-dimensional method that can be employed during the design process. The result of the study showed lower wind velocity (u0) setting resulted in higher value of Physiological Equivalent Temperature (PET), the minimum difference was 2.1% (u0=1 m/s) and the maximum difference was approximately 5.9% (u0=9 m/s). Evapotranspiration level 0.127 mm/day, PET average increases about 2.98%, approximately 0.872℃, evapotranspiration level 0.078 mm/day, PET average increase about 8.03%, approximately 2.392℃. Farther distance between trees and building will produce more comfortable environment because of less wind vortex flow.
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