| 摘要: | 捷運轉運站是一處繁忙的轉乘空間，活動多元繁雜的處所，反映出都市效率、安全指標、交通轉運、人性文化交流及幸福指數等，但卻也隱藏潛在危險性，包括高密度擁擠、火災、傳染病擴散、天然災害或恐怖攻擊等，因此若能有效掌握旅客動態，即能大幅降低空間潛在危險發生率，故人流調查是一項極為重要的關鍵課題之一。
如何詳盡完整的紀錄人流脈動是本研究之難處，因此應用數位動態影像鏡頭分鏡方式詳盡記錄完整的人流脈動。本研究相關理論包括環境行為理論、自我驅動粒子、空間統計分析、空間資訊技術。環境行為是行為觀察的基礎以實驗設計調查方法推導。自我驅動粒子是將人類比為「自我驅動粒子」，具有自我意志能自行移動，粒子之間具有無法估算的社會心理方面的作用力。空間統計分析是做為人流空間統計理論的依據。空間資訊技術則為資料彙整運算操作模式推導的工具平台。
本研究調查方法與步驟，首先透過理論推導及研究範圍勘查，然後進行初步調查規劃與行為觀察，再來調配鏡頭分區編碼劃定空間與時間的調查分區，接著劃分調查工作階段、進行調查人員配對及調查時間控制，然後進行現場記錄，包括數位影像、動態影音和紙筆紀錄，及運用表格彙整空間統計及初步調查資料，然後輸出人流調查時空分佈，最後提出分析結論。
研究成果擬定了捷運轉運人流調查的規劃程序方法，為確保個人資料安全，皆使用最低解析度影像做記錄，並評估其人流調查的有效性。調查統計出一千多個動態影像記錄，包括尖峰、離峰及次尖峰時段大致的人流時空分佈。探討出初步的危險潛在的時空分佈，作為下一階段轉運站效能評估之研究應用。對於環境行為之人流分析，透過空間資訊技術平台，可整合分析出相關重要資訊，包括整體捷運總人數、空間路徑長度和面積大小、時空序列分佈特徵、空間密度、空間流量和高風險趨勢分佈等，空間資訊技術之應用程度相當高，分析結果之可行性由於現場觀察經驗與調查者本身高度依賴此區捷運之轉乘系統可印證研究分析結果之參考價值。應用數位影像記錄模式可確實掌握整體捷運轉運空間人流脈動之有效性，由於數位影像紀錄之特質有三項，包括可多次反覆撥放影像、可重覆性的觀察及測量和可增加還原現場之可信度。
The Taipei subway transfer station is a busy interchange space which has multiple activities. It reflected the urban efficiency, safety indicators, traffic transport, humanity cultural exchange and the degree of happiness, but it also hidden potentially dangerous, including high density crowded, fire, spread of infectious diseases, natural disasters or terrorist attacks, therefore if the effective understanding of travelers dynamic, which can significantly reduce the space of potential danger.
It's quite difficult to record crowd dynamic completely. The application of digital video storyboard can thoroughly recorded complete crowd dynamic. There are four theories in this study that are the environment behavior theory, self-driven particle, spatial statistical analysis and spatial information technology. Environment behavior is based on behavioral observation and through experimental design survey methodology to derive. Self-driven particles are like human having self-conscious, and being able to move on their own. Spatial statistical analysis is based on crowd of space statistical theory. Spatial information technology compared with the data collection and derived the calculation operation modes of work platforms, including overlay, internet, and temporal sequence.
The process is first; through theoretical derivation and site scope survey, then preliminary investigation planning and behavioral observation. Secondary, Deployment of the camera zone codes, and then divides the investigation phase and investigation both officers paired and time control. Third, recording the sites, including digital imaging, dynamic video and writing records. To compiling the spatial statistical by using tables and preliminary survey data, and then outputs crowd survey spatial and temporal distribution, finally conclusions.
In order to ensure the security of personal data, our research is using the lowest-resolution image to record, and to assess the effectiveness of its crowd survey. We survey of more than one thousand video records, including peak, off-peak and minor peak hours times the approximate spatial and temporal distribution of the crowd. To explored the preliminary of the potential risk of a spatial and temporal distribution, as the next stage of research applications subway transfer station performance assessment. |
