| 摘要: | 本論文題目訂為『俄語移動動詞的直義與轉義』。以此作為論文題目的動機，論述如下：
移動動詞描繪出了在空間中不同的移動方式，以及異於其他一般動詞的語義結構特徵。以идти-ходить, ехать-ездить這兩組未完成體動詞為例，在對偶關係(парность)以及体(вид)的相互關連性上，是俄語移動動詞最主要的特點。
從М.В.Ломоносов時期開始，移動動詞即成為科學語體中主要的研究對象。十九世紀包括А.Х.Востоков, Г.И. Павский, Н. И. Греч等語言學家將移動動詞評價為在〝體範疇〞中的特殊語言現象。然而，現代的語法學家，包括了俄羅斯科學院以及其他專著和學術論文研究，對於移動動詞體的對偶及組成特性的闡述，和以往的科學傳統存在著不同的觀點與歧見。
除了理論的認知，移動動詞的描述，對於外國人士俄語教學的實踐，有著直接的聯繫。因此非俄語母語人士，對於像идти-ходить, ехать-ездить這樣的對偶關係，往往不能準確的掌握以及運用。其他諸如及物與不及物的概念，帶前綴字首移動動詞所衍生出的派生意義，皆作為我們研究此論文的迫切性與現實意義。
研究目的、方法
一、研究目的：
1. 俄語移動動詞的對偶關係及語義組成
2. 以俄語移動動詞和其他同樣在空間中具有移動意義的動詞的結合為基礎，定義其位於俄語詞彙系統中之地位
3. 描寫俄語移動動詞語法性質、及其在體範疇中之特殊地位
4. 在具體的材料中分析俄語移動動詞直義與轉義語義結構之特徵
在研究過程中，我們採用了大量的現代俄羅斯文學作品 (Дина Рубина «Двойная фамилия», «Любка», «Высокая вода венецианцев», «Наш китайский бизнес», Евгений Гришковец «Рубашка», Сергей Лукьяненко «Черновик», «Последний дозор», Юрий Поляков «Замыслил я побег…», «Небо подших», Борис Акунин «Внеклассное чтение», Геннадий Головин «Нас кто-то предаёт», Анатолий Ким «Остров Ионы», Анатолияй Азольский «Монахи»)。從中摘錄了超過八百句實例，將其作系統化分類，使研究能夠更明確，更具合理性。再以 «Толковый словарь русского языка», «Словарь русского языка» 做為參考依據，作全面、詳盡的辭典學分析。
二、研究方法：
1. 描述法
(описательный)
2. 數量分析法
(Метод количественного анализа)
3. 文理分析法
(Метод контекстуального анализа)
4. 語義組成分析法
(Метод семантических анализа)
本論文由前言、一至三章節，在每一章節裡又細分為各個小節(在每一章節中，採用例句分析歸納的結果，做為整個論文的中心架構。)、結論，以及最後附上的參考書目所組成。
Preface
This thesis topic is booked for " straight justice and transferred meaning that Russian moves the verb ". Regard this as the motive of the topic of the thesis, describe it as follows:
Move verbs and depict different movement ways in space , and the different semanteme structure characteristic to other general verbs. With идти-ходить, ехать-ездить these two groups of immature body verbs of motion are an example, and body is it connect with to imprison each other in antithesis relation , it is Russian that moves the main characteristic of verbs.
From M.V. Lomonosov period begins, moving verbs becomes the main research object in scientific type of writing promptly. 19 Century includes A. H. Vostokov T. N. Pavskij N. I. Grech The linguists , such as вид ,etc. will move verbs and appraise to the special language phenomenon in the body category. However, study the family in modern grammar, including Russian academy of sciences with and other and scientific paper study specially, for move antithesis , verb of body and make up exposition of characteristic, and past scientific tradition have different view and fork meet.
Except the cognition of the theory, move description of the verb , practice of foreign personage's Russian teaching, there are direct connections. So not Russian mother tongue personage, for looking like идти-ходить, ехать-ездить such antithesis relations of идти-ходить, ехать-ездить, can't often grasp accurately ing and application . And not as the concept of the thing for other such as and thing , take the prefix prefix and move the meaning of deriving that verbs derives out, all study the urgency of this thesis and realistic meaning as us.
1. First, study the purpose :
2. The Russian antithesis relation and semanteme of moving the verb make up
3. Move combination with the verb which moves the meaning in the space as others of verb as the foundation in Russian, define its position lying in Russian vocabulary system
4. Describe Russian and move grammar nature of verbs , and special position in the body category
Analyse in the concrete material that Russian moves the characteristics of the straight justice of verbs and semanteme structure of transferred meaning
In the course of studying, we have adopted a large amount of modern Russian literary works. Having extracted over 800 sentences of instances from it, classify it systematizedly, it can be more clear to enable studying, have rationality even more.
1. Second, research approach:
2. Description
3. Analytic approach of the quantity
4. Analytic approach of the unity and coherence in writing
Semanteme makes up the analytic approach.
This thesis is from the preface , one to three chapters, subdivide into each small matter again in every chapter (in every chapter, adopt the example sentence and analyse the result summed up, do it for the centre structure of the whole thesis. ), the conclusion, and the bibliography enclosed finally makes up .
In chapter one of the thesis, the backbone that we are studied Russian and moved the verb at first begins, define its vocabulary semanteme.
Chapter one: Move the vocabulary semanteme system of the verb in modern Russian
Chapter two: Russian moves the grammar characteristic of the verb
Chapter three, the result of study one is revealed |
