本研究目的為利用國內已發展之自我概念理論架構探詢國內國小低年級兒童自我概念，亦即華人自我四元論之四取向，蒐集國內中、北部國小兒童自我概念口語論述之資料，進而了解國小自我概念之內涵。本研究採取質性研究方法，採後實徵主義為研究立場，利用半結構是訪談進行兒童自我概念口語資料收集，以內容分析處理研究資料。研究結果發現，兒童確實能以包含了華人自我四元論所論述的四個取向，構成兒童看待其自我概念的四個視角：個人取向自我概念、關係取向自我概念、他人取向自我概念與家族（團體）取向自我概念。本研究分別提供兒童在外貌、能力、情緒狀態、個性特質、喜好、人際狀態及健康狀態的內涵描述，資料呈現了兒童在正負向兼具的描述中傾向正向描述自我，面對不同的生活脈絡與互動對象得以產生不同的自我概念描述，並且符合其年齡之發展階段的自我描述與評價也顯示出，此階段兒童已發展可採不同視角看待自己的能力，隨生活場域納入情境與他人的參考線索來建構自身的自我概念。
關鍵字：低年級兒童、自我概念、華人自我四元論
The purpose of this study was to explore the contents of self-concept of younger children with the framework of the four-part theory of Chinese self. Data were collected from 20 first and second grade elementary school students in the Northern and central parts of Taiwan by conducting semi-structured interviews with them. The data were analyzed with content analysis method based on the post-positivism paradigm.
The results showed that these younger children have developed the four parts of self including individual-oriented self, relationship-oriented self, other-oriented self, and familistic (group)-oriented self, corresponding with the four-part theory of Chinese self. These children provided rich information describing themselves including their appearances, abilities, emotions, personal characteristics, personal preferences, interpersonal relationships, and their health conditions. Most children reported a positive description about themselves in these four aspects. Limitations and suggestions of this research were also discussed.
Keywords: younger children, self-concept, four-part theory of Chinese self.
