保齡球運動與其他投擲運動項目不同，因為保齡球不是以球速、高度與距離來決定勝負而是以擊倒的球瓶多寡來決定分數的高低，因此，它是一項極須準確度和穩定度的運動項目，本研究目的在探討配對假設的放鬆訓練處方對保齡球精英選手的狀態焦慮與技能表現之影響。研究對象曾獲選國家代表隊，並榮獲國光獎章保齡球比賽菁英選手男選手年齡22歲、身高170公分、體重60公斤、運動年齡8歲。女1選手年齡26歲、身高168公分、體重52公斤、運動年齡8歲。女2選手年齡24歲、身高158公分、體重50公斤、運動年齡8歲，共一男兩女為受試者。本研究以單一受試者研究設計 (A1-B-A2) 模式來進行，實驗時間為102年7月到10月共3個月，一個月有4次測驗。第一個月（A1期）來診斷各別選手之焦慮狀態之特性；第二個月（B期）依照三位選手之焦慮屬性介入放鬆訓練處方，來判斷基準值有無進步；第三個月（A2期）訓練介入後有無保留之效果，其內容包含在賽前三十分鐘填寫競賽狀態性焦慮量表（CSAI-2）、訓練日誌、選手個別訪談及測驗成績。研究統計以焦慮量表得分和比賽成績為依據來進行資料整理，接著使用統計軟體SPSS18.0版本採用敘述性統計和相關係數來進行資料分析。本研究得到兩點結果為:一、配對假設的放鬆訓練處方對保齡球精英選手的賽前狀態性焦慮有正面改善的功效存在。二、配對假設的放鬆訓練處方對保齡球精英選手的技能表現具有提升的功用。結論：放鬆訓練處方確實是對保齡球精英選手的競賽狀態性焦慮與技能表現有改善功效，但在介入期間並非所有選手的焦慮狀態都趨於正向，這也許跟個人特質有相當的關係。
Unlike other throwing sports, in a bowling game the winner is not determined by the ball speed, height or distance, but by the number of pins knocked over. Therefore, it is a sport that requires extreme accuracy and consistency. This study aims to investigate the effects of relaxation training prescriptions of the matching hypothesis on the state anxiety and technical performance of elite bowling athletes. The research subjects are elite bowling athletes who had been selected for the national team and won the Medal of National Glory. The male athlete is 22 years old, of height 170 cm and weight 60 kg, with 8 years of experience in the sport. One of the female athletes is aged 26 years, of height 168 cm and weight 52 kg, with 8 years of experience in the sport. The other female athlete is aged 24 years, of height 158 cm and weight 50 kg, with 8 years of experience in the sport. The subjects include a total of one man and two women. This research proceeds in the mode of a single subject design (A1-B-A2). The duration of the experiment spanned a total of three months from July 2013 to October 2013 with 4 tests performed in each month. The purpose of the first month (phase A1) is to diagnose the characteristics of anxiety states of individual athletes; the second month (phase B) is to introduce the relaxation training prescription according to the anxiety properties of the three athletes in order to judge the progress of the baseline values; in the third month (phase A2) we assess whether any effects remain after the training intervention by asking the athlete to complete state anxiety forms (CSAI-2) 30 minutes before the game and by training logs, individual player interviews and test scores. The statistical research was done by first compiling the data according to the anxiety scale scores and game results, followed by using the statistics software SPSS version 18.0 to perform data analysis via descriptive statistics and correlation coefficients. There are two major results of this study: 1.The relaxation training prescription of matching hypothesis has a positive and improving effect on the pre-match state anxiety of elite bowling players. 2. The relaxation training prescription of matching hypothesis has an enhancing effect on the technical performance of elite bowling athletes. Conclusion: relaxation training prescription indeed improves the competition state anxiety and technical performance of elite bowling athletes. However, during the intervention not all players showed positive changes on their state, which to a significant extent might be related to personal qualities.
