| 摘要: | 本論文旨在探討聚乳酸(PLA)與奈米氧化鋁、玻璃纖維與碳纖維形成之奈米複合材料之加工製程、機械性質、熱性質與電性質之研究。利用混煉法製備PLA/奈米氧化鋁/纖維之奈米複合材料，混煉時以同含量重量百分比之奈米氧化鋁、不同含量重量百分比之玻璃纖維與碳纖維進行混煉。探討成形後不同含量百分比的PLA/奈米氧化鋁/纖維之奈米複合材料機械性質、熱性質、電性質與改善PLA性質程度差異。探討成形後不同含量重量百分比的聚乳酸(PLA)與奈米氧化鋁、玻璃纖維與碳纖維之形態學（FT-IR、XRD、粒徑分析、SEM、TEM、ESCA），物理性質(密度，空孔率，接觸角)，機械性質(硬度，抗折試驗，抗張試驗，衝擊強度試驗，耐磨耗指數)，熱性質(TGA、MI、HDT、Vicat、DSC、TMA )，電性質(EMI)，動態機械性質(DMA)，聚乳酸的性能和改善程度的差異。
實驗結果得知，經由FTIR分析，證實補強材沒有任何特徵峰；在粒徑分析中奈米氧化鋁顆粒皆符合奈米規範；在XRD測試中補強材的特性峰則會被PLA蓋過；ESCA可以看出PLA含有無機補強材；在SEM和TEM中可以看出有良好的分散性；物理性質的測試中添加奈米氧化鋁粉末與纖維確實可提升密度，同時接觸角也隨著纖維添加量增加而提升性質；在機械性質測試，顯示抗張及抗折與硬度和耐衝擊皆有效提升；在熱性質方面，隨著奈米氧化鋁粉末與纖維添加量的增加，耐熱性顯著提升；在電性質方面，隨著纖維添加量的增加，電磁波吸收與遮蔽有效的提升。
關鍵字: PLA、奈米氧化鋁、奈米複合材料、玻璃纖維、碳纖維
This paper aime to discuss the Polylactic acid (PLA) and nano alumina, glass fibers and carbon fibers composites formed by the processing process, physical properties, mechanical and thermal properties of. Prepared by mixing PLAat the same nano-alumina content nano composites with different content when mixing weight percent of fibers by mixing.
After forming the different levels of weight percent of the fiber hybrid / Alumina reinforced polylactic acid morphology (FT-IR, XRD, Particle, SEM, TEM, ESCA), physical properties (Contact Angle, Density, Void content), mechanical properties (Hardness, Flexural test, Tensile test, Impact strength, Wearing), thermal properties (TGA, MI, HDT, Vicat, DSC, TMA), Dynamic mechanical properties (DMA) for PLA resin properties and improve the degree of difference.
Experimental results show, by FT-IR, the crystal structure of fiber hybrid / Alumina reinforced polylactic acid nanocomposites was not determined; in particle size analysis show nano alumina are both in nano specification; at XRD test only see PLA peaks in PLA; at ESCA test can see nanocomposites contains fibers; Good dispersion can be seen in SEM and TEM.Physical properties of the test adding nano alumina powder can indeed enhance the density of the fibers. At the same time the contact angle increases as the amount of fiber added to enhance the properties of;In the mechanical properties of the testshowed that the tensile and flexural, hardness and impact are effectively enhance, and wearing index decreased slightly wear volume in a small amount of add. In the thermal properties, the thermal properties of the fibers with nano-alumina powder is added increases, the heat resistance significantly improve.The electrical properties, the increase in the amount added with the fiber, the electromagnetic wave absorption and shielding effectively improved.
Keywords: PLA, nano-alumina, nanocomposites, glass fiber, carbon fiber |
