| 摘要: | 本研究旨在探討金融事業人員教養國小子女態度對其親子關係影響之研究，主要研究目的為下列幾項：
一、瞭解某金控員工育有國小學童之父母親的「父母教養態度」、
「親子關係」現況。
二、分析某金控員工育有國小學童之父母親在「父母教養態度」、「親子關係」因「個人背景變項」之不同的差異性。
三、探討某金控育有國小學童員工「父母教養態度」、「親子關係」
之相關性。
四、探討某金控育有國小學童父母親其「親子關係」的預測模式。
五、綜合研究結果提出具體建議，以提供在某金控服務的父母日後
在學習正確「父母教養態度」及營造健康良善「親子關係」互動之參考依據。
本研究採用問卷調查方式，以分層隨機取樣方式取得400位金融事業人員為研究對象，以本研究「父母教養態度與親子關係量表」問卷為調查工具，發出問卷400份，回收問卷387份，回收率為98％，有效問卷387份，有效回答率為96％，並以百分比、次數分配、描述性統計、獨立樣本t考驗、單因子變異數分析及皮爾遜積差相關等統計方法進行分析，結果獲致下列結論：
一、父母教養態度與親子關係的現況探討說明如下：
(一)父母教養態度的現況平均數最高的前五項依序為：
1.關於孩子的教養，我對自己有信心。
2.我會聆聽孩子訴說他（她）的委屈。
3.我的教養方針可以決定孩子的個性。
4.孩子需要擁抱時，我能滿足他（她）。
5.我重視孩子興趣及休閒娛樂。
(二)親子關係的現況平均數最高的前五項依序為：
1.我答應孩子的事情，我一定都會履行。
2.我能給孩子自主空間，決定自己的事。
3.不管我的工作或生活再忙碌，每天我都會留一些時間陪伴孩子。
4.我甚少批評或指責孩子的想法。
5.孩子願意主動的告訴我，他（她）在外面發生的事情和內心感受。
二、不同個人背景變項的家長在父母教養態度的差異性說明如下：
(一)性別：不同性別的家長在「自信程度」、「接納程度」與「整體父母教養態度」皆有顯著差異，且皆為父親的平均數顯著高於母親。
(二)年齡：不同年齡的家長在「自信程度」、「接納程度」與「整體父母教養態度」皆有顯著差異，，且皆為年齡40歲以上的家長分數顯著高於39歲以下者。
(三)教育程度：不同教育程度的家長在「自信程度」、「歸因傾
向」、「接納程度」、「瞭解程度」與「整體父母教養態度」
皆達顯著差異水準，皆為研究所以上畢業者的家長，平均數顯著高於高中（職）、專科及大學畢業者。
(四)家庭結構：不同家庭結構的家長在「歸因傾向」、「接納程
度」、「瞭解程度」與「整體父母教養態度」皆達顯著差異水準。在「整體教養態度」方面，三代同堂家庭的平均數，顯著高於單親家庭、雙親核心家庭與隔代家庭。
(五)工作型態：在「自信程度」、「接納程度」、「瞭解程度」與「整體教養態度」皆達顯著差異水準。在「整體教養態度」方面，家長的工作型態為研究發展人員、其他的平均數高於工程技術
人員，業務行銷人員和管理支援人員。
(六)工作時間：不同工作時間的家長在「父母教養態度」所有層面
及整體上的t檢定皆未達統計顯著（p > .05），表示工作時間不
同的家長在「自信程度」、「歸因傾向」、「接納程度」、「瞭
解程度」與「整體父母教養態度」上的程度皆沒有顯著差異存在，代表家長在教養態度不會因為工作時間的不同而有所差異。
三、不同個人背景變項的家長在親子關係的差異性研究說明如下：
(一)性別：不同性別的家長在「友誼交往」的t檢定達統計顯著差異水準，表示父親在「友誼交往」上分數比較高，亦代表在此
方面的親子關係較佳。
(二)年齡：不同年齡的家長在「親子關係」所有層面及整體上的t檢定皆未達統計顯著，代表家長在親子關係不會因為年齡的不同而有所差異。
(三)教育程度：教育程度不同的家長，在「情感交流」、「友誼交往」、「相互信任」、和「整體親子關係」均達顯著差異水準，表示
研究所以上畢業的家長與孩童在親子關係中的「情感交流」、「友誼交往」、「相互信任」及「整體親子關係」較佳。
(四)家庭結構：不同家庭結構的家長，在「情感交流」和「獨立自
主」二分層面達顯著差異水準，且經Scheffé法事後比較得知，在「情感交流」方面，為三代同堂的父母平均顯著高於隔代家庭的父母；而在「獨立自主」方面，則為三代同堂的父母平均顯著高於雙親核心家庭的父母。
(五)工作型態：不同工作型態家長，在「情感交流」、「友誼交往」、「相互信任」、「獨立自主」和「整體親子關係」均達顯著差異水準，在「整體親子關係」方面，「研究發展人員」和「其他」
的分數高於工程技術人員、業務行銷人員；「其他」的分數高於管理支援人員。
(六)工作時間：不同工作時間的家長僅在「獨立自主」的t檢定達統計顯著差異水準，且工作時間12小時以下的家長分數顯著高於12小時以上者，表示工作時間12小時以下的家長讓自己的小孩保有更多的獨立自主空間。然而，不同工作時間的父母在「情感交流」、「友誼交往」、「相互信任」與「整體親子關係」的t檢定未達統計顯著，表示父母在親子關係不會因為工作時間的不同而有所差異。
四、親子關係與父母教養態度之相關研究：
整體教養態度與整體親子關係呈現顯著正相關(r =.65，p< .001）。
本研究最後根據研究結論，對父母教養態度、親子關係、建立企業
友善家庭職場及良好親子關係進而宣導親職教育的重要性及對未來研
究課題提出建議，以提供關心親職教育者參考。
This study aimed to investigate the financial industry personnel elementary child rearing attitudes influence their study of parent-child relationships, the main research objective is the following：
一、Understand there is a financial holding staff education elementary school children's parents' parenting attitudes " "Family Relations" status.
二、Second, the analysis of a financial holding employees fathered the parents of elementary school students in the "parenting attitude",
"parent-child relationship" due to "personal background" of the various differences.
三、A financial holding explore elementary school children fathered
employees' parenting attitudes "," parent-child relationship. "
The correlation.
四、Explore a financial holding fathered their parents of elementary
school students "parentage" prediction mode.
五、Based on the findings put forward concrete proposals in order to provide a financial holding services in the future parents Learning proper "parenting attitude" and create a healthy goodness "Family
Relations" mutual Moving reference.
This study used questionnaires to a stratified random sampling method to obtain 400 financial industry personnel as the research object to this study, "parent-child relationship parenting attitudes and Scale" questionnaire survey instruments, issued 400 questionnaires, 394 questionnaires the recovery was 98%, 387 valid questionnaires, the effective response rate of 96%, as a percentage, frequency distribution, descriptive statistics, independent sample t test, one-way ANOVA and Pearson correlation statistical methods analysis of the results leads to the following conclusions:
一、The parent-child relationship parenting attitudes and discuss the
current status as follows:
(一)The current status of parenting attitudes
1.about the child's upbringing, and I have confidence in
ourselves.
2. I will listen to children tell him (her) the grievance.
3 My upbringing approach can determine the child's
personality.
4 Children need hugs, I can meet him (her).
5 My child interests and recreational importance.
(二)The current status of parenting attitudes
Mean The top five were:
1.Promised the children's things, I will surely fulfill.
2. I can give children autonomy to determine their own thing.
3.Regardless of my busy work or life again, every day I have
to leave some time to spend with Child.
4. I rarely criticize or blame the child's mind.
5. children are willing to take the initiative to tell me that he
(she) is happening on the outside and inside Feelings.
二、Second, different personal background of the parents in parenting
attitudes differences are described below:
(一)Gender: parents of different sex "degree of confidence",
"acceptance" and "whole Body parenting attitude
"Individually significant difference, and the father are
significantly higher average The mother.
(二) Age: all ages parents' level of confidence "," acceptance "and"
Whole Body parenting attitude "Individually significant
difference, and are aged 40 years or older Parents score significantly higher than 39 years of age.
(三) Education: different levels of education of the parents in the
"degree of confidence", "attributed to dumping To "," cceptance
"," level of understanding "and" the whole parenting attitudes. "
Level are significant differences, are all graduates of the Institute over the parents, mean significant Significantly higher
than high school (grades), college and university graduates.
(四)Family structures: parents of different family structures "attribution", "Acceptance Process Degree "," level of understanding "and" the whole parenting attitudes "are significant differences of water Standards. In the "Overall rearing attitude", the average family of three generations living under one roof, which was Significantly higher than the single-parent families, parent nuclear families and
inter-generational families.
(五)Working patterns: In the "degree of confidence", "acceptance", "level
of understanding" and "the whole Body rearing attitude "are ignificant
differences standards. In the "Overall rearing attitude", the Parents
work patterns of research and development personnel, other than
the average of Engineering Personnel, sales and marketing
personnel and management support staff.
(六) Working time: different working hours for parents in "parenting
attitude" at all levels And the whole t-test were not statistically
significant (p> .05), which means that working time is not Parents of
the same "level of confidence", "attribution", "acceptance", "understanding Cheng Degree "and" overall parenting attitude "to the
extent of no significant differences were present, On behalf of parents in the rearing attitude of working time will not differ.
三、Different personal background of the parents in the study of
differences in parent-child relationships are described below:
(一)Gender: parents of different sex "Friendship engagement"
t-test was statistically significant difference Different levels,
which means that his father "Friendship engagement" on the
scores relatively high, also on behalf of this Aspects of the
parent-child relationship is better.
(二)Age: parents of different ages "Family Relations" on all levels
and overall t-test were not statistically significant, on behalf of
parents in parent-child relationships do not because of age Differ.
(三)Education: different levels of education of the parents, the
"emotional communication", "Friendship engagement"
"Mutual trust," and "the whole parent-child relationship,"
reached the significant difference level, which means that
Institute of parents and children over graduating in the
parent-child relationship "emotional communication"
"Friendship intercourse", "mutual trust" and "overall
arent-child relationship" is better.
(四)Family structures: parents of different family structures, the
"emotional communication" and "independence from
Lord "significant differences bipartite level standards, and that
by Scheffé post hoc comparison method, In the "emotional
communication", the parents of three generations was
significantly higher than the average
inter-generationalFamilies, parents; while "independence", the parents of three generations was Significantly higher than the average parent nuclear family parents.
(五)Working patterns: different working patterns parents in
"emotional communication", "Friendship engagement"
"Mutual trust", "independence" and "overall parent-child
relationship" reached significant difference Level, in the
"Overall parent-child relationship", the "research and
development personnel" and "others" Scores higher than the
engineering and technical personnel, sales and marketing
personnel; "other" high scores In the management of support
staff.
(六) working time: different working hours for parents only
"independent" t-test Statistically significant differences in
levels and working time 12 hours following parental scores
Significantly higher than the 12 hours or more, which means
that less than 12 hours working time parents Let your kids
keep more independent space. However, the different work
Between the parents' emotional communication "," friendship
and intercourse "," mutual trust "and" whole Body filiation 't-test
was not statistically significant, which means that parents in
parent-child relationship Not because of working hours vary.
四、The parent-child relationship and parenting attitudes related
research:Overall parenting attitudes and overall parent-child relationship showed a significant positive correlation
(r = .65, p <.001).
Finally, according to research findings of this study on
parenting attitudes, parent-child relationships, the establishment
of enterprise Family Friendly Workplace and good parent-child
relationship parenting advocacy thus the importance of education
and research for the future Research project proposals in order to
provide care parenting educator reference. |
