| 摘要: | 本研究旨在探討心智練習對跆拳道旋踢技能表現與學習保留的影響，研究對象是文化大學選修跆拳道課程之初學者男女共80位 (男生45位、女生35位)，其對象先前皆無接受專業訓練經驗。將受試者隨機分派至控制組20位 (男生16位、女生4位)平均年齡19.00± 1.37歲、平均身高166.55± 9.34公分、平均體重63.60± 12.4 公斤；心智練習組20位 (男生12位、女生8位) 平均年齡19.35± 1.30歲、平均身高169.15± 10.44公分、平均體重61.95± 12.21公斤；身體練習組20名 (男生13位、女生7位)平均年齡 20.15± 1.34歲、平均身高169.95± 10.00公分、平均體重65.15±10.58公斤；綜合練習組20位 (男生12位、女生8位) 平均年齡20.30±1.26歲、平均身高171.20± 8.82公分、平均體重67.7 5±10.66公斤。共進行四週，每週三次，每次練習30分鐘共12次練習。並於實驗開始前、實驗四週結束後與實驗結束後一週分別實行前測，後測與保留測驗，藉以了解學生接受心智練習後的技能學習效果。研究所得資料以SPSS18.0統計軟體進行統計處理。以二因子混合變異數分析考驗，當交互作用不顯著時，直接進行主要效果檢定，當交互作用達顯著性差異則進行單純主要效果檢定及LSD事後比較。研究結果發現綜合練習組在後測與保留學習效果優於身體練習組，身體練習組優於心智練習組，心智練習組優於控制組。本研究之結論：心智練習有益於初學者學習跆拳道旋踢技能之學習。
關鍵詞：心智練習、旋踢、跆拳道
This study aims to investigate the impact of mental practice on the technical performance and learning retention of Taekwondo roundhouse kick. The subjects are beginner students of the elective Taekwondo course at Chinese Culture University, numbered 80 in total (45 males and 35 females) and with no prior experience of professional training. The subjects are randomly assigned to: (1) the control group, numbered 20 in total (16 males and 4 females) with a mean age of 19.00 ± 1.37 years, mean height of 166.55 ± 9.34 cm, and mean weight of 63.60 ± 12.4 kilograms; (2) mental practice group, numbered 20 in total (12 males and 8 females) with a mean age of 19.35 ± 1.30 years, mean height of 169.15 ± 10.44 cm, and average weight of 61.95 ± 12.21 kilograms；(3) physical practice group, numbered 20 in total (13 males and 7 females) with a mean age of 20.15 ± 1.34 years, mean height of 169.95 ± 10.00 cm, and average weight of 65.15 ± 10.58 kilograms; (4) integrated practice group, numbered 20 in total (12 males and 8 females), with a mean age of 20.30 ± 1.26 years, mean height of 171.20 ± 8.82 cm, and mean weight of 67.7 5 ± 10.66 kilograms. The experiment spanned 4 weeks with three 30-minute exercises in each week, totally 12 exercises. In addition, we implemented pre-tests, post-tests and retention tests, at the beginning of the experiment, at the end of the 4-week experiment, and one week after the end of the experiment, respectively, in order to understand the effects on skill learning for students receiving mental practice. The data was statistically processed using the statistics software SPSS18.0. Two-way mixed ANOVA was used for the test. When the interaction was insignificant, we directly examined the main effects. When the interaction showed significant differences, we performed simple main effect test and LSD post hoc test. The results show that, in post tests and retention of learning, the integrated practice group performed better than the physical practice group, the physical practice group performed better than the mental practice group, and the mental practice group performed better than the control group. The conclusion of this study: mental practice is beneficial for beginners to learn the skills of Taekwondo roundhouse kick.
Keywords: mental practice, roundhouse kick, Taekwondo |
