| 摘要: | 隨著高齡化社會來臨，銀髮族儼然成為產官學界所重視的議題。本研究以休閒阻礙與休閒涉入為變項，以台北市65歲以上之銀髮族為抽樣對象，探討銀髮族休閒阻礙對休閒涉入之影響，經由問卷分析的實證，盼能提供相關單位與產業，在規劃、推展其銀髮族休閒活動政策與作法之參考研究。
本研究將蒐集之相關資料加以處理、分析、歸納與詮釋，研究結果發現：銀髮族參與休閒活動會因為休閒阻礙因素對其休閒涉入，總體上呈現顯著負向影響，即當休閒阻礙感愈高時，更加影響休閒涉入的程度。休閒阻礙以結構性阻礙為主；休閒涉入以愉悅價值是銀髮族所重視的部分。在個人屬性變項部分，大學、專科以上之高學歷族群，休閒涉入之愉悅價值更具顯著性；婚姻狀況則無呈現顯著性。排除銀髮族休閒阻礙之結構性阻礙，有助於提升其休閒涉入之愉悅價值，藉由休閒活動達到抒解身心壓力、提升晚年生活品質。
建議後續研究可加入社會支持、社會型態等構面，使研究更具廣度趨近完善。
Life expectancies have been steadily rising for both men and women in Taiwan. This has created a demographic shift toward a so-called “aging society,” in other words, a society with an older population of citizens and consumers. Seniors – once largely ignored outside of the family – are now taking on a new importance in the public sphere in places such as industry, government, and education. As one might expect, seniors are now becoming an object of study, so that more can be learned about their habits, their needs, and their quality of life.
This particular study focuses on an important aspect of senior life, namely the question of leisure. The study proposes two variables that might possibly affect seniors in this regard: leisure constraints (whether physical, economic, or otherwise) and leisure involvement (that is, the willingness of the individual to take the initiative with leisure activity). We have designed a questionnaire to determine whether quality of life is affected more (or less) by leisure constraints or leisure involvement. The survey sampling population was limited to seniors over the age of 65 in Taipei. Through this questionnaire and its analysis, we hope to provide research that can be useful in the planning and establishing the practices of leisure activities for seniors. This study collects data from the survey (in the form of questionnaires) and then analyzes, summarizes and interprets the data. It concludes that leisure constraints, and not leisure involvement, is the key factor in determining quality of life for seniors. Therefore, the key factor is not such the willingness of the individual to engage in leisure activities, but rather the structural constraints that the individual faces – economic, physical, organizational, logistical. The study also showed a few interesting side points, namely that marital status was not a determinative factor in leisure, and that higher education was correlated with a greater concern for leisure and pleasure. The study suggests that minimizing the structural constraints that stand in the way of leisure will help seniors to enhance their pleasure values of leisure involvement. And this should be encouraged, because by participating in leisure activities, seniors will relieve the mental and physical stress, as well as enhance their quality of life in old age.
Suggested that future research can be added to the dimensions of social support, social patterns, and study more breadth approach perfect. |
