| 摘要: | 智慧建築乃是綜合環境、結構、系統、服務及營運管理做最佳化之組合與運轉，以達到高效率、高功能與高舒適性之大樓。換言之，智慧建築之目的就是最大限度的滿足使用者的舒適性、操作者的方便性、設備的節能性、管理的高效性與資訊化的服務性。因此對有別於一般建築性能與目的之智慧建築，應有不同之評估系統以評價智慧建築之系統性能、技術等級、使用管理與經濟效益。我國於1985年起引進國外各項智慧化技術後，經過二十多年來之研究發展與政策推動，也逐步走出屬於我國特有之智慧建築系統。2003年內政部建築研究所制訂了「智慧建築標章解說與評估手冊」，從安全、健康、便利、舒適與節能永續的面向評估智慧建築的系統性能、技術等級與使用管理績效。在建築中採用各項智慧化措施，當然會增加建築的初期投資成本，但由於智慧化控制系統的整合效益，可讓營運成本降低，並提供更為健康的工作環境，提昇使用者的生產力，因此對建築的整個生命周期成本而言反而降低。由於智慧建築的初期成本較高，目前在台灣仍不普遍。 台灣電力公司立於台灣能源供應重要角色，對節能、潔能政策推動不移餘力，98年訂定導入建築智慧化方向及推動辦法，將建立台電公司智慧建築設計專章，納入公司「建築工程設計規範」，相較於台灣智慧建築尚屬鼓勵推行階段，於法令上並未強制要求，站在能源管理者的角度深具前瞻性。然相關研究、實務技術尚未臻成熟，致使導入建築智慧化於實務執行面上尚有諸多待研議之處。為協助台電公司導入智慧建築政策能確實具有實際效益而不致浪費公帑，本團隊執行「台電公司智慧建築執行策略之研究」計畫，擬補充台灣電力公司現階段推動智慧建築相關技術不足，從智慧建築執行策略分析、導入智慧建築之成本效益評估架構、方法及建立導入智慧建築成本效益分析資料庫，及導入智慧建築於建築生命週期(計畫、規劃設計、工程發包、施工監造、驗收、申請標章認證、各階段執行機制等面向)進行研究。同時，了解智慧建築所投入的成本與創造出的價值與效益，擬採用多準則效益評估等經濟評估的方法來衡量智慧建築的成本與效益，並藉由文獻與案例的調查以及專家學者的問卷訪談調查，期望能研究分析出智慧建築的成本結構，以及具代表性的效益評估指標。本研究具體目標可歸納如下：一、藉由文獻收集與案例調查，分析公私有建築物導入智慧建築最新案例蒐集及其執行策略分析。二、分析智慧建築的成本結構，由專家訪談找出具代表性的效益評估指標，以多準則效益評估法估算智慧建築的成本效益。提出導入智慧建築之成本效益評估架構、方法及建立導入智慧建築成本效益分析資料庫。三、建構建築物導入智慧建築於建築生命週期(計畫、規劃設計、工程發包、施工監造、驗收、申請標章認證、使用管理維護)各階段執行機制。四、針對導入智慧建築之投資成本，依建築生命周期從規劃階段(需求計畫完成階段、細部設計完成階段)、建造階段(工程驗收完成階段)、維運階段(工程驗收完成3年後之使用管維階段），建立可分段評估、檢討、驗證、回饋之完整分析流程。
Intelligent building that integrates environment, structure, system, service and management to achieve optimum combination and adequate operation for a building that is more efficient, productive and comfortable. In other words, the aim of intelligent building is to offer better comfortable, convenience, less energy consumption and productive for its users, and more operationally efficient and useful information for its owners. In order to evaluate operations, technology, management , and benefit of intelligent building, it needs to create a new assessment methodology other than ordinary building evaluation. Since 1985, Taiwan has introduced a great deal of intelligent building technology from other countries. Meanwhile, Taiwan has accumulated its own special local experience gradually. As a result, Research Institute of Architecture of Ministry of Interior has promulgated “Intelligent Building Label Explanation and Evaluation Manual” in order to evaluate operations , technology, management and benefit of intelligent building according to different dimensions of safe, health, convenience, comfortable, and sustainable. Implementing sustainable practices usually tends to raise the initial design costs, but operating costs can be decreased and healthier workplaces can lead to increased productivity, therefore whole life cycle cost can be decreased. However, intelligent building is still not very popular in Taiwan due the higher initial cost. In order to promotion, it needs a adequate methodology to show its real benefit and cost to the public for persuasion. Taiwan Power Company stand an important role in Taiwan's energy supply, and actively promote energy conservation, clean energy policy, set 98 years into the direction and promotion of intelligent building methods, the Taiwan Power Company will establish a chapter intelligent building design, into the company "construction design" Compared to Taiwan, to encourage the implementation phase of a intelligent building is still, not mandatory law, the energy manager's point of more importance. Research, practical technology is not yet mature, resulting in the wisdom of building into the implementation in practice there are a lot of surface to be studied. To assist the intelligent building policy into the Taiwan Power Company does have real benefits can be wasted without the cost of the implementation of this team, " Implementation strategy Study on Intelligent Building of Taiwan Power Company "project, want to help upgrade Taiwan Power Company at this stage to promote the lack of intelligent building technology, Implementation strategy from the intelligent building, into intelligent building cost-benefit assessment framework, methods, and the establishment of cost-benefit analysis into a intelligent building database, and import the wisdom of building in the building life cycle (planning, planning and design, project contracting, construction supervision, Inspection, certification mark application, the implementation mechanisms for each stage) were studied. Understand the intelligent building the investment costs and create value and effectiveness of multi-criteria efficiency evaluation methods to measure the economic assessment of costs and benefits of intelligent building, and by the literature and case investigation and interviews with experts and scholars of the questionnaire survey Hope to study and analyze the cost structure of intelligent building, and the representative of the effectiveness of evaluation. The specific objectives as follows: 1. Through literature review and case studies, analysis of public and private buildings into intelligent buildings with the latest case of collection and analysis of the implementation strategy. 2. Analysis of the cost structure of intelligent building, issued by the expert interviews to find representation of the benefits of indicators to assess the effectiveness of multi-criteria Estimating the cost-effectiveness of intelligent buildings. Then introduces the cost-effectiveness of intelligent building assessment framework, methods, and the establishment of cost-benefit analysis into a smart house database. 3. Construction of buildings into intelligent buildings in the building life cycle (planning, planning and design, project contracting, construction supervision, inspection, certification mark application, the use of management and maintenance) of each phase of implementation mechanisms. 4. Into a intelligent building for the cost of investment, according to building life cycle from the planning stage (stage of completion of project requirements, detail design stage of completion), the construction stage (stage of completion of project acceptance), maintenance and operation phase (3 years after completion of project acceptance of the use of tube Dimensional stage), the establishment can be sub-evaluation, review, validation, feedback of the complete analysis process. |
