台灣老人退休前後的所得分配：三個世代別的探討

文化大學機構典藏 CCUR > 社會科學院 > 社會福利學系暨社會福利學系碩士班 > 研究計畫 > Item 987654321/24465

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題名:	台灣老人退休前後的所得分配：三個世代別的探討
作者:	洪明皇
貢獻者:	社會福利學系
關鍵詞:	所得分配世代分析政府移轉
日期:	2011~2012
上傳時間:	2013-03-12 14:32:25 (UTC+8)
摘要:	台灣老人退休前後的所得分配：三個世代別的探討我國在2008 年已實施國民年金保險，是以老人已普遍有基本所得安全保障。但社會福利政策仍須留意的是，老人並非齊質(homogenous) 的群體。若再把老人依年齡別分組，即使同一年齡層的老人也會因為退休前的工作所得及儲蓄於退休後的耗用程度不同、是否領取企業退休金、政府的老人福利政策、及居住安排與性別等因素而有相當的貧富差距。瞭解不同年齡層老人在退休前、後的所得分配變化，將有助於評估我國自1994 年以來的老年經濟安全政策之成效。國外相關文獻指出，老人退休後所得不均度可能會縮小、擴大或維持不變；造成這三種老人退休後所得不均度變化差異的兩股關鍵力量，是退休前的工作所得及私人退休金的「所得不均化效果」，與公共退休金的「所得平均化效果」。最後的變化趨勢，端視這兩股力量的淨效果而定。國外從1980 年代後期以來，已累積不少世代別的老人所得分配研究，台灣鮮少有類似的研究。本研究將使用我國家庭收支調查資料搭配世代分析法，探討在1989-2009 年間經歷生命週期中退休前與退休後的三個世代老人之所得分配變化。本研究設定五個觀察年度，分別是1989 年、1994 年、1999 年、2004 年、2009 年。本文在研究設計特別之處，是將以「個人」為分析單位，並在模擬「平分共享」與「最低共享」兩種家戶內經濟資源分配的前提下，進行統計分析。 Income Distribution of Senior Citizens in Taiwan Pre and Post-Retirement: An Investigation of Three Cohorts Taiwan began implementation of its national pension scheme in 2008 and therefore senior citizens in general receive a secured basic income now. However, in the enforcement of social welfare policies, it is worth noting that senior citizens are not a homogenous group. To a certain extent a poverty gap exists between senior citizens of the same age group due to differences in their pre-retirement income and savings, degree of consumption after retirement, whether a company pension is received, government policy on senior citizen welfare, living arrangements, and gender. An understanding on income distribution variations before and after retirement of senior citizens in different age groups will contribute to evaluating the outcomes of the economic security policies for senior citizens in Taiwan since 1994. Relevant overseas studies have indicated that income inequality of senior citizens after retirement may decrease, increase, or remain unchanged. The two critical forces that lead to the three income inequality variations of retired senior citizens are “income inequality effect” due to income prior to retirement and personal pension and “income equalization effect” from public pension. The final variation trend is determined according to the net effect of these two forces. Since 1980, an amount of research on the income distribution of senior citizens in different age groups has accumulated internationally. However, Taiwan lacks similar research. This study will use the Survey of Family Income and Expenditure in Taiwan with cohort analysis to discuss income distribution variations over three cohorts of senior citizens who have undergone the pre and post-retirement stages of their life cycles between 1989 and 2009. We established 1989, 1994, 1999, 2004, and 2009 as the years of observation for our study. The special design characteristic of this study is the adoption of the “individual” as the unit of analysis. The study also carried out statistical analysis under simulated conditions of “equal sharing” and “minimal sharing”, which are the two types of economic resource allocation in households.
顯示於類別:	[社會福利學系暨社會福利學系碩士班] 研究計畫

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