| 摘要: | 探討新式複合式訓練與傳統式複合式訓練、單獨增強式訓練、單獨阻力訓練、單獨振動訓練之間對下肢爆發力各項參數之立即性差異和探討介入新式複合式訓練 (振動訓練+增強式訓練) 與未介入訓練之前對於下肢爆發力各項參數之立即效果的差異。以8名男性甲組排球和3名男性籃球運動員為受試者，在正式試驗之前，先檢測蹲舉3RM-5RM、落地跳躍量化高度。正式試驗開始，先以腳踏車熱身和個人靜態伸展，靜態休息15分後測驗3次下蹲跳，每次間隔20秒，結束後靜態休息1分鐘，隨後分配至1.單獨振動訓練(W)：30Hz/4mm/10秒×3組間休息1分鐘、2.單獨增強式訓練 (P) ：量化高度落地跳躍1組5下、3.單獨阻力訓練 (R) ：蹲舉5RM、4.新式複合式訓練 (WP) ：單獨振動訓練 (30Hz/4mm/10秒×3組間休息1分鐘) ，結束訓練後，休息4分，緊接單獨增強式訓練 (量化高度落地跳躍1組5下) 、5.傳統複合式訓練 (RP) ：單獨阻力訓練 (蹲舉5RM) ，結束訓練後，休息4分，緊接單獨增強式訓練 (量化高度落地跳躍1組5下) ；訓練後靜態休息4分測驗三次下蹲跳，每次下蹲跳休息20秒。以重複量數二因子變異數分析五種訓練方式與訓練前後測對下蹲跳高度、髖、膝、踝最大力矩、髖、膝、踝最大爆發力之影響。下蹲跳高度、髖、膝、踝關節最大力矩、髖、膝、踝關節最大爆發力皆未達到交互作用；五種訓練方法之間比較皆無達到主要效果(p=.479、p=.433、p=.322、p=.365、p=.186、p=.099、p.464)，另外、髖、踝關節最大力矩和髖、膝關節最大爆發力五種訓練前後測皆無達到主要效果(p=.722、p=.086、p=.915、p=.311) 。另外，下蹲跳高度、膝關節最大力矩、踝關節最大爆發力在五組訓練之下，五種訓練前後測達主要效果(p=.031、p=.036、p=.002)。
本研究所產生的結果指出新式複合式訓練 (振動訓練+增強式訓練) 、傳統複合式訓練 (阻力訓練+增強式訓練) 、單獨振動訓練、單獨增強式訓練、單獨阻力訓練在訓練後4分鐘，排球和籃球運動員下皆可立即的提升下蹲跳高度表現。
The purpose of this study was to examine acute effects produced by plyometric training (P), whole body vibration training (W), resistance training (R), combination of resistance training and plyometric training (RP), and combination of whole body vibration training and plyometric training (WP) on lower body power performance and compare the acute effect before and after WP on lower body power performance. Subjects included 8 male volleyball players and 3 male basketball players who were from Division I teams of Chinese Culture University. Before formal experiment, 3RM-5RM squat and individual drop jump height were tested. In formal experiment, the test protocol began with a warm-up on a 5 minute stationary bicycle and 5 minute static stretching. After 15-minute rest, subjects performed 3 countermovement jumps (CMJs, with 20 seconds rest between each jump) as a pre-test and then rest for 1 minute. Five different training sessions, 1. whole body vibration (W): 30Hz/4mm/10 seconds×3 sets/between sets rest 1 minute, 2. plyometric training (P): quantifiable height drop jump 1 sets 5 times, 3. resistance training (R): squat 5RM, 4. new complex training (WP, combination of whole body vibration and plyometric training with 4 minute rest between trainings) and 5. traditional complex training (WP, combination of resistance training and plyometric training with 4 minute static rest between trainings) were completed on separate days. After training sessions, subjects perform 3 CMJs at 4 minute as a post-test. A repeated measures two-way ANOVA was performed on CMJ height, hip, knee, ankle maximal moment and, hip, knee, ankle maximal power performance. There were no interaction (p>.05) and no main effect on CMJ height, hip, knee, ankle maximal moment and, hip, knee, ankle maximal power for five different training sessions (p>.05). There were no main effect on hip, ankle maximal moment and hip, knee maximal power for pre-test and post-test (4minute) (p>.05), but there were significant main effect on CMJ height, knee maximal moment and, ankle maximal power for pre-test and post-test (4minute) (p<.05). These findings indicated that plyometric training, whole body vibration, resistance training, combination of resistance training and plyometric training, and combination of whole body vibration training and plyometric training after 4 minute rest on Division I volleyball and basketball players can improve lower body power performance. |
