| 摘要: | 本研究的主要目的旨在探討柔道選手接受心理技能訓練後，選手的技能學習和心理堅韌性的變化，以及透過心理技能訓練後比較技能學習和心理堅韌性的差異。本研究受試者以36位柔道選手（男生24位、女生12位），控制組平均身高(162.50±5.78)cm、平均體重(59.50±7.39)kg、平均年齡(16.83±1.16)歲；身體練習組平均身高(163.67±6.74)cm、平均體重(69.50±7.84)kg、平均年齡(16.17±1.16)歲；心堅練習組平均身高(167.83±6.11)cm、平均體重(65.83±11.37)kg、平均年齡(16.50±0.54)歲；心堅+身體練習組平均身高(172.00±5.44)cm、平均體重(72.00±7.79)kg、平均年齡(16.67±1.36)歲等四組，每組9位柔道選手。各組依設定技能訓練施以四週，每週三次。以柔道單臂過肩摔、大外割、水中憋氣技能以及特質運動心理堅韌性量表為測驗項目，進行前測、後測，並在後測後一週實施保留測驗。以心理技能訓練和測驗為自變項，技能學習和心理堅韌性測驗為依變項，進行二因子混合變異數分析，因子間交互作用若有顯著，則進行單純主要效果考驗，若在達顯著性差異時，則進行Bonferroni事後比較加以考驗。結果：一、對摔得分技能學習部分，心堅+身體練習組顯著優於心堅練習組、身體練習組及控制組；二、憋氣時間技能學習部分，心堅+身體練習組顯著優於心堅練習組、控制組及身體練習組；三、心理堅韌性部分，心堅+身體練習組顯著優於心堅練習組、身體練習組及控制組。結論：心堅+身體練習組在接受心理技能訓練和身體技能訓練後，不僅能有效提昇技能學習，而且也能提昇心理堅韌性。
The purpose of the study was to investigate the influence of psychological and physical training on skill learning and mental toughness of Judo athletes. Thirty-six Judo athletes, 24 males and 12 females participated as subjects who were further divided into four groups (control group, physical training group, psychological training group, psychological plus physical training group). The training of each group was conducted three times a week for 4 weeks. Performance in Ippon seoi nage, Osotogari, breath holding under water and mental toughness were evaluControl Group: height=162.50±5.78cm, weight=59.50±7.39kg, age=16.83±1.16 yr; Physical training group: height=163.67±6.74cm, weight=69.50±7.84kg, age=16.17±1.16 yr; Psychological training group: height=167.83±6.11cm, weight=65.83±11.37kg, age=16.50±0.54 ys; Psychological with Physical training group: height=172.00±5.44cm, weight=72.00±7.79kg, age=16.67±1.36 ysated at pre- and post-training and one week after post-training. The independent variables in the current study were psychological and physical skill training and test, and the dependent variables were skill learning and mental toughness. Two-way mixed design factorial Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was used to compare main effect and interaction. Post hoc was carried out by using Bonferroni method. Results: First of all, in the case of score of takedown skill learning, psychological plus physical training group was significantly higher than psychological training group, physical training group and control group . Second, in the case of breath holding under water, psychological plus physical training group was significantly higher than psychological training group, control group and physical training group . Third, in the case of mental toughness, psychological plus physical training group was significantly higher than psychological training group, physical training group and control group. Conclusion: Psychological plus physical training group shows significant contribution to skill learning and mental toughness. |
