| 摘要: | 人類經由閱讀得到資訊與知識，而閱讀是一個複雜的心智歷程，對人的生理與心理等各方面皆會產生影響；學術界有不同閱讀模式說明人的閱讀行為。閱讀的版面編排會影響人的閱讀效益，本研究針對現今蓬勃發展中的電子書標題文句之不同編排處理方式，探討其易讀性，針對人們在閱讀文句的過程中，是否因為版面編排的不同，眼睛的生理活動如凝視時間、跳視幅度與眨眼次數，也會有所不同。
本研究以實驗法與眼球追蹤法進行，藉由眼球追蹤儀器精確紀錄眼睛凝視位置和停留時間。進行實驗之色彩樣本依據NCS系統所定義的四種基本色紅、藍、綠、黃加上黑、灰、白三色，共選用七色，以呈現模擬標題之文字與背景色彩組合。事前準備工作先以模擬電子書方式呈現24個文章之版型，透過美編人員與專家們填寫五點李克特量表，挑選出兩種最常見的版型。繼以先導性實驗確認實驗程序與呈現刺激，確認標題以黑體與明體兩種字形呈現，並選用橫向及直向兩種編排走向與34組無彩色與有彩色之色彩變化，發現實驗時間過長，再以同樣實驗程序，減少色彩組合再行施測，結果發現編排走向對版面編排之易讀性沒有顯著性的影響。正式實驗以2種字形以及30種色彩組合變化，探討閱讀時間、凝視時間、跳視幅度與眨眼次數等眼動訊息是否會對易讀性造成影響。研究結果顯示，電子書標題版面編排之字形與編排走向在易讀性上並無顯著差異，不同文字與背景色彩之組合則會影響易讀性。整體而言，易讀性較佳的色彩組合有黑底白字、藍底白字、灰底紅字與白底綠字。易讀性較差的色彩組合有灰底綠字、綠底灰字、灰底藍字與白底黃字。標題文字設計宜避免使用明度對比值相差較小之灰底綠字、綠底灰字、灰底藍字與白底黃字之搭配組合。
Human beings get information and knowledge by reading, which is a complex mind processing that can affect us both physically and mentally. Different types of reading patterns have been documented to explain human reading behaviors. The layout of a text, for example, has been found to have an influence on how it is received and comprehended. This study is an investigation of the legibility of the various layout arrangements of e-book titles: whether they have an effect on the physical activities of eyes, such as fixation duration, saccadic amplitude, and the number of times the eye blinks.
The experiment was conducted in the laboratory and utilized eye tracking method. An eye tracker was used to precisely record eye fixation and fixation duration. In the experiment the color combinations used to present the virtual title and its background come from seven colors: four basic ones (red, blue, green, and yellow) based on the NCS system and three additional colors (black, grey, and white). The study began with a pre-procedure Likert Scale survey, which involves the presentation of twenty-four types of layout to art editors and text editing experts for the purpose of finding out two most frequently used layout types. Then a pilot study was conducted to determine the procedure and the stimuli to be employed in the formal experiment. It was found that directions of the text layout (horizontal and vertical) had no significant effect on text legibility. Therefore, the finalized design of the study includes (a) the presentation of the title in two types of fonts (i.e., the clear type and the bold type) and (b) the use of thirty sets of color combination, instead of thirty-four, to show the title text and its background because the latter took too much time. The purpose of the study was to assess the effects of font types and color combinations of e-book titles on reading time, fixation duration, saccadic amplitude, and blink frequency and thus on text legibility. The results of the study showed that font types and directions of the text layout had no influence on text legibility. Color combinations of words and their background have significant effects on text legibility. Generally speaking, color combinations that are more legible are white text on black background, white text on blue background, red text on grey background, and green text on white background. Color combinations that are less legible are green text on grey background, grey text on green background, blue text on grey background, and yellow text on white background, which, low in luminance contrast, should be avoided in the designing of the title. |
