| 摘要: | 本研究目的在應用競賽優勢理論，透過統計分析方法，探討在2003年韓國大邱世界大學運動會體操錦標賽，瞭解24國90位男子選手於跳馬項目，其致勝因素：「難、新、穩、美」等對競賽之演出成績影響；具體目的在於了解B組4位裁判員評定90位選手成績之：1）信度、效度與客觀性；2）起評分、實施減分、動作類別、著地穩定與最後得分的集中趨勢情形。經以描述統計集中趨勢與單因子變異數分析，其結果顯示如下：1.起評分與實施減分均具有信度效度與客觀性，裁判評分一致性高。2.致勝因素：「難、新、穩、美」對成績之影響發現之現象如下：①起評分（難）：有發展難度追求高起評分之現象。②動作分類（新）：第3、4與5類之動作，均可獲高分。第3、4類組的動作具多元性、第5類組的動作具有稀少性，其變化空間較容易開發獨特性。③實施減分（美）：選手一半以上維持競技體操之基本精神「不以犧牲完美之姿勢來完成高難度之動作技術。」④著地穩定程度（穩）：實施上有重大失誤之著地減分超0.5分（含）以上者38人佔42.2％，減分在0.50分以下較成功著地者52人佔（57.8％），顯示出重大失誤比率較偏高現象。
This study purpose is to use the advantage theory of the contest, through the analytical method of statistic, probe into 2003 Korea's Daegui Gymnastics Championship in Universiade, find out about 90 gymnasts of 24 countries in the horse-vaulting, factor that it wins victory: 'Difficulty, Originality, Insurance, Elegance', etc. to influence the performance of the competition; It lie in concrete purpose that understand B group of 4 judges scoring on the: 1)Reliability, Validity and Objectivity; 2)measures of central location about start values, deduction score, vault groups, landing stabile and final score. After through statistical analysis with measures of central location, one way ANOVA , its result shows as follows: 1)start values and deduction score both have reliability, validity and objectivity, that is the judges evaluation higher to consistence. 2)Factors that it wins victory: 'Difficulty, Originality, Insurance, Elegance', etc. to influence the performance of the competition were as follows phenomenon: ①Start values (Difficulty): Degree of difficulty of development pursues the phenomenon marked high. ②Vault Groups (Originality): The third, 4th and 5th Vault Groups are can obtain the high score. ③Deduction score (Elegance): Gymnast's over half maintains the basic spirit of the Artistic Gymnastics that do not finish vault group of highly difficult technology by expense of the perfect posture. ④Landing presentation (Insurance): Demonstrate great fault rate than the phenomenon on the high side. |
