近年來台灣地區由於社會經濟發展快速，環境污染甚鉅，而台灣西部沿海地區之河川受害更爲嚴重，雲林地區因地價較低廉，導致土地利用與開發後所衍生之污染有其特殊性，因此本文針對雲林沿海地區河川污染以及當地土壤環境加以研究，並找出污染之主要原因，以利爾後沿海地區水土資源保育之維護與管理。
研究過程結合地理資訊系統與資料收集，水污染方面進行多變量之主成份分析，探討雲林沿海地區三條主要河川之污染原因以及當地土壤環境問題。研究結果經主成份分析比對結果，顯示新虎尾溪主要受畜牧污染爲主，工業污染較次。北港溪主要受到工業污染以及家庭污染，畜牧污染次之，利用水質污染指標值來分析北港溪、新虎尾溪污染情況嚴重且長期以來並未有任何改善狀況，污染趨勢逐漸增加。
沿海地區土地利用方式是土壤環境變化之主要影響因素。雲林沿海地區之自然環境因素，再加上養殖漁業盛行大量抽取地下水，導致地層下陷、海水人侵使得土壤含鹽量偏高，土壤肥力低，農翱義展受到土壤鹽化限制，農作物栽種必須選擇耐鹽作物進行耕作，造成沿海地區農田耕種範圍隨著距海越近，農作面積逐漸減少。由以上分析結果，對雲林沿海地區河川與土壤之污染整治，可爲有利之參考。
In recent years, rapid socio-economic development in Taiwan has severely polluted the environment, especially in streams along the western coastal regions. The pollution problems associated with land use and development is very serious in Yunlin areas because of the cheap land value. The objectives of this study are to examine the stream pollution and the soil environment along the Yunlin coast, to identify the pollution sources, and to provide for better soil and water resources protection and management.
This study analyzes the stream pollution and soil environment problems using multi-variable principal component analysis through geographic information system data processing method. Results indicate that animal waste is the major pollution source in Hsinfuwei Stream, followed by industrial pollution. In Beikang Stream, the major pollution comes from industrial and domestic sources, followed by animal waste. Results from river pollution index analysis show that the pollution problems in Beikang Stream and Hsinfuwei Stream did not improve for a long period of time and are becoming worse and worse.
The land use pattern is the major cause of soil environmental degradation along the coast. The fragile natural condition along with the over-withdrawal of underground water by the aquaculture industries have resulted in land subsidence and seawater intrusion. Soil becomes saline and infertile. Agriculture development is limited by the high soil salinity. Only salt tolerance crops can be grown along the coastal farmland. Farm area decreases along with the distance from the coast. These study results should be beneficial for subsequent stream and soil pollution reclamation works along the coastal areas in Yunlin.
