| 摘要: | 本研究主要目的在透過K-means集群分析方法，探討大學生次文化可集群出幾種不同的次文化類型，再描述各次文化類型的主要特徵。以台灣高等教育資料庫為資料來源，有效樣本為28713人。
本研究主要發現如下：
1.大學生次文化可分為三群次文化類型，分別為眼高手低型，特徵為有理想卻未實行；網路休閒型，特徵為大量投入課餘活動；務實順從型，特徵為順從學校及老師要求。其所佔比例分別為40.6%、6.2%、53.2%。
2.在性別上，眼高手低型及網路休閒型中男大學生顯著高於女大學生；務實順從型大學生女大學生顯著高於男大學生。
3.在學校類別上，眼高手低型以私立大學顯著高於其他三類學校；網路休閒型以私立技職顯著於其他三類學校；務實順從型以公立大學、公立技職顯著高於其他兩類學校。
4.在科系類別上，眼高手低型以教育、藝術、建築、都市規劃、觀光服務、大眾傳播學系顯著高於其他科系；網路休閒型以商業及管理、數學及電算機、工程、建築及都市規劃學系顯著高於其他科系；務實順從型以人文、經社心理、自然科學、醫藥衛生、家政學系顯著高於其他科系。
5.在家庭社經地位上，眼高手低型並無顯著較高者；網路休閒型父親教育程度大學、研究所（含以上）顯著高於其他教育程度，母親教育程度專科、大學、研究所（含以上）顯著高於其他教育程度，父親工作類別高級專業人員、高級行政人員、專業人員、中級行政人員、半專業、一般公務人員顯著高於其他工作類別，母親工作類別高級專業人員、高級行政人員、專業人員、中級行政人員、失業、待業顯著高於其他工作類別，家庭經濟狀況年收入151-300萬、301-500萬、501萬元以上顯著高於其他家庭經濟狀況年收入；務實順從型母親教育程度以國中顯著高於其他教育程度，父親工作類別以技術性工人顯著高於其他工作類別，母親工作類別以家庭主婦顯著高於其他工作類別，家庭經濟狀況年收入以50-114萬顯著高於其他家庭經濟狀況年收入。
以上是本研究的重要發現，這些研究結果可提供未來研究進行驗證。
The objective of this research is to examine the numbers of different types of subculture groups college students belongs through K-means clustering analysis, and the characteristic of each culture type is further described as follow. Collecting from Taiwan higher education database, the effective sample is numbered at 28,713.
The most significant findings are shown below:
1. College students’ subcultures can be categorized into three categories, one is labeled as fastidious and demanding type, the characteristic of this group is students with high expectation but no execution; second is labeled internet for leisure type, and the characteristic of this group is students who invest vast amount of time into additional activities; the third is practical and obedient type, the characteristic of this type of students are obedient to school and teacher’s demand, the percentage of above three categories are 40.6%, 6.2% and 53.2%.
2. In views of gender distinction, male students of fastidious and demanding type and internet for leisure type display significant amount greater than female; practical and obedient type of female students display significant amount greater than male.
3. In views of school types, fastidious and demanding type of students are significantly shown in private universities compare to other three type of universities; internet for leisure type of students are significantly shown in private technical schools compare to other three type of schools; and practical and obedient type of students are shown in public universities and public technical schools compare than other two type of schools.
4. In views of subject of major study, fastidious and demanding type of students are significantly shown in Education, Art, Architecture, Urban Planning, Tourism and Service and Media broadcast subjects compare with other subjects; internet for leisure type of students are significantly shown in Commerce and Management, Mathematics and computer, Engineer, Architecture and Urban planning compare with other subjects; practical and obedient type of students are significantly shown in Culture, Social psychology, Natural science, Medical health and Home economic compare with other subjects.
5. In views of family and social status, fastidious and demanding type of students have not shown significant difference in this category, internet for leisure type of students are significantly shown with father’s education level of above or equal to university and research institute, mother’s education level of above or equal to technical school, university or research institute, father’s work type are high-class professionals, high-class administrators, professionals, middle-class administrators, half professionals, average government workers compare with other work types, where mother’s work type are high-class professionals, high-class administrators, professionals, middle-class administrators, unemployed, await for work compare with other work types, the family economic situation are with annual income of between 1,510-3,000 thousand dollars, 3,010-5,000 thousand dollars and above 5,010 thousand dollars compare with other family economic situation; practical and obedient type of students are significantly shown in mother’s education level is junior high-school compare with other education level, father’s work type belongs to technical related work type compare with other work type, mother’s work type is house wife compare with other work type, family economic situation with annual income between 500-1,140 thousand dollars compare with other family economic situation. |
