| 摘要: | 都市土地使用情形與其開發過程息息相關，但大規模的開發將會造成資源快速損耗，故各國開始重視其未來的永續發展，乃提出了生態城市理論，並依據當地的環境狀況制定相關指標進行檢測，因此本研究主要以台北市為例，利用生態城市指標及評價方法來分析數據，用來描述其變遷程度，並從地圖上完整呈現圖表的差異性，以期能夠提出改善方法，延續其永續性。
在早期的都市開發中，因較為缺乏永續的觀念，所以容易造成資源的浪費及環境的破壞，因此本研究在理論上是以生態城市理論、生態城市指標、生態城市指標評價方法為主要討論對象。而在研究流程中，首先是蒐集近10年之統計資料（西元1999~2008年）說明研究基地發展概況，再以遙測軟體判別衛星影像圖及使用GIS建立資料庫，並配合相關文獻論點建立出整體研究架構，最後則以2008年之資料做為可量化之生態城市指標的分析基礎，藉由主成分分析法進行加權，配合GIS繪製成圖，將數據與圖資套疊分析比較，針對台北市的生態城市環境進行相關評價。
根據分析完成的圖表可說明，環境面主成分可解釋85.071％，包含用水量、垃圾量、耗電度、CO2排放量、回收比例。社會面解釋了56.567％，以人口增加數、老化率為主要影響對象。經濟面共解釋98.180％，指標為勞動參與率、失業人口、平均所得。而綜合面則解釋了79.361％，用水量、垃圾量、耗電度、CO2排放量、回收比例、人口增加數、勞動參與率、失業人口、平均所得等九項指標主要為其主成分。
現今台北市在都市的快速發展之下，仍有相當多的狀況需要改進，諸如熱島效應、山坡地過度的開發利用、空氣汙染等，若在規劃中未加入此等威脅因素，將會對整體環境造成負擔。因此，建議將各政府部門進行整合、互相合作，使法令制度得以落實，並且能有效進行管理。再者，透過有階段性的規劃策略，建立詳細的評估準則，將數據資料的完整度與詳細度提升。最後則是研發能夠符合台北市的生態工法技術，以及鼓勵民眾參與及提供獎勵，如此才能達到建設生態城市原有之目的，得以永續發展。
The city land utilization situation is closely bound up instead of the course of developing, but extensive development will cause resources to waste. So various countries begin to pay attention to sustainable development in the future, propose the theory of ecological city, and make relevant indicators to measure according to the local environmental state. So this research mainly takes Taipei as an example, utilize the ecological city indices and appraise the method to analyze the data. This is used for describing the intensity of changes, and the difference of the chart appears completely from the map, expect to propose improving the method and extend sustainable.
In early days, the city develops comparatively lack the idea of sustainable, so it is apt to cause the waste of resources and destruction of environment. This research mainly discusses the target with theory of ecological city, ecological city indices, ecological city indices appraise methods. In the study procedure, at first, collect the statistical data for nearly 10 years (A.D. 1999~2008) explain the development overview of base, then use RS to differentiate the image pictures of satellites and use GIS to set up the database, and cooperate with relevant literature arguments to set up study structure. Finally, in order to analyze the foundation, use the ecological city indices that can be quantized with the materials in 2008. Carry on the weighting by principal component analysis, cooperate with GIS to be drawn, analyzes and compares data with pictures, in connection with relevant appraisal to the ecological city environment of Taipei.
According to the chart analysis finishes, the principal component can explain 85.071% by environment, include water consumption, rubbish amount, power consumptive degree, CO2 emission, retrieving the proportion. The society explained 56.567%, it mainly influences the target to regard population increase, aging rate. The economy explained 98.180%, indicator participating in rate, unemployment, average income in order to work. And the synthesize explained 79.361%, water consumption, rubbish amount, power consumptive degree, CO2 emission, retrieve proportion, population increase, participating in rate, unemployment, average income, etc. nine indicators mainly their principal compositions.
Under the fast development of the city, quite a lot of states need improvement in Taipei now, such as excessive tropical island effect, hillsides development and utilization, air pollution etc. If no joined such deterrents in planning, will cause bearing to the integrated environment. So, propose combining, working in coordination every government department and make the decree system be implemented, and can manage effectively. Moreover, through having phased planning tactics, set up detailed assessment criterion, fullness degree of the data materials and detailed degree of improvement. Finally, research and develop the ecological engineering methods that can accord with Taipei, and encourage the people to participate in and offer and reward, could achieve and build the original purpose in the ecological city, so make it can sustainable development. |
