| 摘要: | 全球暖化現象日益嚴重，為了避免全球環境持續惡化，跨政府氣候變遷小組(Intergovernmental Panel on Change, IPCC)提出以減緩(mitigation)與調適(adaptation) 為主的全球氣候變遷因應架構。 目前，對於氣候變遷與二氧化碳減緩的研究主要著重於交通運輸、產業部門、能源技術與節能政策等主題，對於引發交通需求與資源消耗的都市化過程，所可能產生的二氧化碳排放與吸存未被充分探討。因此，本文中採用生命週期評估（life-cycle assessment）與地理資訊系統（Geographical Information System, GIS），以台北縣林口特定區作為都市化之案例，結合1971到2006年之土地利用調查與統計資料，評估特定區計畫發佈前後各階段之二氧化碳吸存與排放，以完整探討都市化與空間政策執行下土地利用的改變對環境和溫室氣體的排放吸存的變化。其中，生命週期評估除了可以完整的了解過程的變化外，對於各種可能的都市政策情境（scenarios），亦可透過數據的結果明顯的反映出二氧化碳排放與吸存之差異性。本研究中發現，特定區計畫所驅動的都市化過程，對於林口地區之二氧化碳排放與吸存條件引起大幅的改變，較以往不同的觀念為有煙囪及有汙染的觀念，都市擴張的程度越高人口隨之提升中間間接的排放也相對的成正比提升，本研究透過於政策情境分析中亦發現，若能搭配各種減量政策與低強度的規劃如綠屋頂的實施、和減低開發強度避免空間的浪費以及活化裸露地等，將可降低碳排放之衝擊。
The global warming phenomenon is getting more and more serious each day. To prevent the global environment from constantly getting worse, the IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) has come up with a world climate change response structure based on mitigation and adaption. So far, the studies on climate change and the decrease of carbon dioxide were mostly concentrated on subjects such as, transportation, industrial department, energy technologies, and fuel economic policies, but we rarely discuss the carbon dioxide’s release and absorbsion that are produced from transportation needs and energy expense during the urbanization progress. Therefore, in this article, we are going to discuss the changing environment and greenhouse gas’ release and absorb under the changing landscape usage from the urbanization policies. Using Taipei county Linco area as an urbanization case study, we will combine the 1971, 1995, and 2007’s landscape usage statistics and use methods, like life cycle assessment and GIS (Geographical Information System) , to estimate the difference between he carbon dioxide’s release and absorb before and after the announcement of the area’s urbanization plan. From what we know, not only can we fully understand the changing of the whole process by using the Life Cycle Assessment, we can also show the difference in the carbon dioxide’s absorb and release under all kinds of city policy scenarios through the results of the study data. In this study, we discovered that the urbanization progress which was driven by area’s planning has caused the condition of the carbon dioxide’s absorb and release in the Linco area to change dramatically; we also find out in the analysis of policy scenarios, if we can combine all kinds of greenhouse gas decreasing policies and lower emission standards, we will be able to lower the impact of carbon releasing. |
