| 摘要: | 本研究針對獨棟住宅建築之色彩喜好與意象進行調查分析，主要探討的問題有：
一、 了解人們對於住宅建築外觀不同色彩之喜好為何。
二、 針對人們喜好與嫌惡之住宅建築色彩，瞭解其色彩之意象為何。
三、 試圖瞭解住宅建築之色彩喜好與人口變項間是否有關聯。若有關聯，其關係為何？
本研究對123位中國文化大學之男女大學生，在可控制光線之實驗室中以電子式進行問卷調查研究，探討獨棟住宅建築之不同色彩喜好與意象。主要針對獨棟住宅建築之牆面色彩作為調查，門窗則以白色為主，屋頂以灰色為主。
本研究僅以NCS色票系統為基礎，採用某牌建築外牆塗料為依據，再經建築師、學者及學生之樣本調查，並製作不同之建築外觀色樣及訪談所得篩選，經調查所得之30色作為問卷之色樣。
受測者首先會針對獨棟住宅建築外觀不同的色彩選取其感受，並作答由八對兩極化的形容詞，分別為：嫌惡-喜歡(Dislike -Like)、醜陋-美麗(Ugly-Beautiful)、剛硬-柔和(Hard-Soft)、涼冷-溫暖(Cool-Warm)、低俗-優雅(Vulgar-Elegant)、保守-花俏(Discreet-Loud)、男性化-女性化(Masculine -Feminine) 不愉悅-愉悅(Unpleasant-Pleasant)組成之 Likert 7階之色彩意象調查語意量表。
統計結果發現受測者認為最適合用在外牆之30個色彩，大部份分佈Y色相至R色相之間，也就是偏紅、橘、黃色色相。且含彩量及含黑量都偏低。此一結果說明在台灣之受測者，較偏好用紅、橘、黃等暖色色相，而不偏好用藍、綠等冷色色相，來做為獨棟住宅外牆之顏色。
此外，對獨棟住宅外牆色彩之語意意象判斷，除了在〈保守-花俏〉語意量較無顯著的傾向以外，在〈喜好-嫌惡〉、〈美麗-醜陋〉、〈溫暖-涼冷〉、〈優雅-低俗〉、〈女性化-男性化〉、〈愉悅-不愉悅〉等語意量表的評斷上，皆較受色相的影響，而較不受含彩量、含黑量的影響。
然而在人口變項上的分析，除了受測者的個性接近於顯著外，性別、主要休閒活動、血型與是否修習色彩相關課程，對受測者在外牆色彩的語意判斷上皆無顯著影響。其結果顯示，本研究所調查之結果具有一般性，可以推及到不同類別的受測者。也就是調查的結果不因受測者的不同而有不同。
關鍵詞：獨棟住宅、色彩喜好、色彩意象
This study is going to analyze the color preference and imagery of single-family houses. The topics which will be discussed are:
1. To understand people's preferences of colors on the appearances of single-family houses.
2. To research people's imagery from preferable and aversive colors on the single-family houses.
3. To study the correlations between preferences of color on single-family houses and demographic variables. If they are related, what are the correlations?
123 undergraduate students of Chinese Culture University participated this research. The research was conducted in a controlled environment. The research data was collected through an electronic questionnaire system. The studies of color preferences and imagery of single-family house mostly rely on white doors and windows and gray tops.
Based on Natural Color System (NCS), it used one brand of WEBER BROUTIN for the basis, and then a total of 30 colors were selected from the color circle to cover the walls of single house for color imagery surveys after the architects, scholars and students.
A semantic differential scale consist of 8 bipolar word-pairs which are Dislike-Like, Ugly-Beautiful, Hard-Soft, Cool-Warm, Vulgar-Elegant, Discreet-Loud, Masculine-Feminine, Unpleasant-Pleasant were used to rate one the living spaces one after one with 7-step Likert scales. Subjects were asked to pick up their most favorite and least favorite wall colors from a set of above mentioned 30colors against single house.
The results show us that base on the 30 colors for the wall, mostly of them fall in between the Y color and the R color which are red, orange and yellow. And chromaticness and blackness of these colors are relative low. The research shows again that people in Taiwan ten to use red, orange and yellow colors which are related to warm part of the temperature imagery scale of walls for the single house but not blue and green.
As for the semantic imagery of colors on exterior walls of single-family houses, the semantic factor of conservative-fancy is only one that shows neutral tendency. The semantic factors of Like-Dislike, Beautiful-Ugly, Cool-Warm, Elegant-Vulgar, Masculine-Feminine and Unpleasant-Pleasant are more affected by hue and less affected by chromaticness and blackness.
As for the color imagery study, color preferences are related to evaluative factors such as Like-Dislike, Beautiful-Ugly, Cool-Warm, Elegant-Vulgar, Masculine-Feminine and Unpleasant-Pleasant, and so judge the semantic scale, and are more affected by the hue(family), and color content with a more free, with the amount of black.
On the analysis of demographic change, except for the similar characters from the questionnaire testers, their sex , main activity, blood and whether they take the color course or not, there is no obviously influence on the judgment for the coloring preference and imagery of single house.
Keyword：Single house、Color Preferences、Color Imagery |
