| 摘要: | 新竹市北門大街再生之研究思維建立於歷史文化的保存成為一個新的價值觀被大家所重視，在現實的社會情況下又與都市計畫（重大交通建設）、經濟發展（私人權益）產生矛盾與衝突，因此必須思考保存推動方面，所面對的已不僅是「如何修復、補強歷史性建築物」的問題，而是如何與推動保存過程所牽涉之行動者互動、網絡關係，透過新竹市北門大街發展現況中，得知台灣老街如何引導至都市再生，不僅使歷史建物得以保護，更帶動地方傳統產業振興，提升民眾參與意識，且從都市/社區/建築的角度探討北門大街如何再生。
緣此，本研究深入探討台灣老街發展、老街再生相關之規劃論述、北門大街相關研究與先進國家對於歷史性空間保存法令與政策探討，結合以上建立都市、社區、建築空間發展，引導發展將歷史文化與都市計畫地區逐步整合、發展現況及居民意識，並據以落實在新竹市北門大街上之調整，引導老街進行再生。
結合國內外實施老街再生之案例，包含中國大陸 (哈爾濱、北京及杭州)、日本(長野縣、岐阜縣、川越市)、台灣（鹿港、大溪），分別從不同層面落實歷史性空間再生理念，面對各地民情的不同產生之議題及不同空間提出的因應策略，從歷史性空間保存、國家執行政策、周遭環境景觀風貌、地方特色產業振興及形象品牌的塑造進行研究，並將其融入體系內。
透過實證新竹市北門大街歷史文化、周邊地區空間發展現況及居民意識，發現現行空間發展具有下列課題：在都市面向課題具有1缺乏整體性空間發展計畫；2.無歷史性建物保存相關政策；3.地方傳統產業衰落；在社區面向課題具有1.停車空間不足；2.缺乏品牌、入口意象等逛遊設施；3.民眾參與意願低；4.行人、消防與居民生活安全；5.招牌雜亂無特色；在建築面向課題具有：1.新舊建築錯綜複雜；2.建築立面缺乏完整性；3.傳統建築形式與聚落失去重視。
綜述以上，本研究提出新竹市北門大街再生之研究，必須建立在以都市/社區/建築三面向之空間架構下，從都市面向重視整體發展與政策實施並重，透過發展策略與管制手段，在社區面向依北門大街地區內發展特性，導入硬體設施重新建構空間發展佈局，最後落實在建築面向，重塑老街建築風格與建築行為的相關限制，重視整體空間品質的提升。
This research considers the revival of Bei-Men Historical Street in Hsinchu City to preserve historical culture and develop something new that everyone can respect. However, due to contradictions and conflicts with urban plans (major transportation constructions) and economic development (private equity), we must further consider the preservation and promotion of historical culture. Repairing and retrofitting historical buildings is only a fraction of the problem, the other issues include how to maintain interaction and network relationship with the participants promoting the preservation process. The research investigates the current developments in Bei-Men Historical Street, and discovers how Taiwan’s historical streets revive urban areas, which subsequently contribute to the preservation of historical buildings, the revival of local traditional industries, and the increase of public participation. This study also discusses the revival of Bei-Men Historical Street from an urban community architecture perspective.
In addition, this research further investigates and discusses Taiwan’s historical street development, planning treatises about the revival of historical streets, research on Bei-Men Historical Street, and the regulations and policies of spatial historical preservation in advanced countries, and comes to a conclusion on urban, community, and architectural spatial development.This study aimed to progressively integrate the historical culture of the Bei-Men Historical Street with its current development status, urban planning strategy, and awareness among local residents, thereby modifying and reviving this notable area in Hsinchu City.
There are cases, both internationally and domestically, of the revival of historical streets, including: China (Harbin, Beijing, and Hangzhou); Japan (Nagano Prefecture, Gifu Prefecture, and Kawagoe City); and Taiwan (Lugang Township and Dasi Township) - prompting historical space preservation from different dimensions. Different coping strategies were proposed to deal with different local customs and spatial issues. These measures were used to help integrate the systems, and included such measures as: historical space Regeneration, national executive policies, surrounding environment and landscape, the revival of local characteristic industries, and carrying out research on branding and image.
Through studying the historical culture of the Bei-Men Historical Street, as well as the present development status of its surrounding areas and the awareness of local residents, we found the following issues exist within the current spatial development:
A. Urban planning:1.Lack of an overall spatial development plan;2.Lack of policy related to preservation of historical architecture;3.Decline of local traditional industries.
B. Community:1.Insufficient parking space;2.Lack of branding, entrance image, and shopping/tourism facilities;3.Lack of willingness among residents to participate in development;4.Lack of pedestrian and residential safety, as well as fire safety;5.Disorganized and featureless shop signs;
C. Architecture: 1.Complex intermingling of new and old buildings;2.Lack of comprehensiveness in building facades;3.Lack of emphasis on traditional architectural forms
Therefore, this study proposes that research on Bei-Men Historical Street in Hsinchu City, must be based on the three spatial dimensions—urban, community, and architecture. The urban planning dimension must consider both overall development and executive policies using development strategies and control methods. The community planning dimension should follow the development characteristics in the area of Bei-Men Historical Street, introducing hardware facilities to reconstruct the spatial layout. Finally, the architectural planning dimension needs to establish relevant limits on architecture reformation, style, and other construction activity, thus emphasizing the enhancement of overall spatial quality. |
