中共與非洲建立新型戰略夥伴關係研究

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Title:	中共與非洲建立新型戰略夥伴關係研究
Authors:	梅景劭
Contributors:	政治學研究所碩士在職專班
Keywords:	中非新型戰略夥伴關係夥伴外交中非合作論壇中非關係
Date:	2010
Issue Date:	2011-10-31 14:19:40 (UTC+8)
Abstract:	中共為因應冷戰後世界局勢變化，主張獨立自主、和平共處之外交原則，並自1990年代開始推動夥伴外交，而不結盟、不敵對、不針對第三國為夥伴外交之基本精神，中共在此精神下逐步與世界主要國家或區域國際組織建立起夥伴關係，為自身開啟一條新的對外關係渠道。新夥伴關係之概念，主要肇始於非洲國家提出之「非洲發展新夥伴計畫」(NEPAD)，該計畫強調建立非洲與已開發國家間之新夥伴關係，提出後獲得八大工業國(G8)及聯合國之支持，而中共即是在此背景下，於2000年建立「中非合作論壇」，且在論壇框架下與非洲國家確立新型夥伴關係，並於2006年將中非關係提升至「中非新型戰略夥伴關係」。近年非洲挾經濟潛力、地緣政治、資源優勢等，已成為國際戰略之焦點，且隨著「中非合作論壇」之建立，以及中非關係之提升，促使世界主要大國開始關注非洲事務，紛紛調整非洲政策，而有國家亦開始仿效中共模式，與非洲國家成立合作論壇，並建立起夥伴關係；另一方面，歐、美等西方國家開始批評中共之非洲政策，因此國際間興起中共對非洲實行「新殖民主義」等論調，對中共之國際形象帶來負面影響。「中非合作論壇」及中非新型戰略夥伴關係之建立，展現出中共為自身創造平台，在國際間爭取主動權，藉此改變國際政治、經濟秩序之意圖；因此在面對國際社會對其非洲政策之諸多批評，開始與各國進行國際多邊對非洲事務磋商，而世界各國亦開始尋求與中共在非洲事務之合作，顯示隨著中共在非洲之地位越發重要，綜合國力日益提升，世界各國已無法忽視中共在非洲之角色。關鍵字：中非新型戰略夥伴關係、夥伴外交、中非合作論壇、中非關係 To cope with situation changes of the world after Cold War, China has asserted independence, self-initiative of one’s own, and peaceful coexistence as its diplomatic principles, and has, since, 1990s, begun to facilitate partnership diplomacy, while the fundamental spirit of non-alignment, non-hostility, and non-focused on Third-World countries is taken as its fundamental spirit for its partnership diplomacy. Under such a spirit, China has progressively established partnership relationship with major countries of the world or regional international organizations, helping to open up a novel channel for external relations. The concept of new partnership relationship is primarily initiated when African countries put forth “New Partnership for African Development” (NEPAD), and the project stresses the new partnership relationship by African countries with developed countries. When NEPAD was proposed, it has received support from (G8) – eight major industrialized countries and the UN. China had then established “Forum of China-Africa Cooperation” in 2000 under such background, and built up “new partnership relationship” with African countries within such a framework. Furthermore, China upgraded relationship between China and African to “China-Africa new strategic partnership relationship” in 2006. In recent years, Africa has made use of its economic potential geopolitics, and resource advantages, turning itself into the focus of international strategy, and it has, facilitated major countries of the world to begin placing greater attention on African affairs as well as adjusting their African policy along with the establishment of “Forum on China-Africa Cooperation” and the enhancement of relationship between China and Africa. Some countries have also started to take after China model as they build up cooperation forum with African countries and also partnership relationship. On the other hand, western countries in Europe and America have launched their attack on African policy by China, so that the international community has instigated the criticism as China implements “neo-colonialism” in Africa, which has brought about negative impact on the international image of China. The establishment of “Forum on China-Africa Cooperation” and China-Africa new strategic partnership relationship has well demonstrated how China should like to obtain initiative for itself internationally as it helps create platform so as to change the intention of international politics and economic order. Therefore, China has begun to conduct multilateral negotiation with countries around the world for African affairs as international community launches much criticism on its African policies. On the other hand, countries around the globe have also started to seek for cooperation of African affairs with China, showing that the ever increasingly important status of China in Africa. With summation of increased national strength, countries of the world can no longer ignore the status of China in Africa. Keywords:China-Africa new strategic partnership relationship, partnership diplomacy, Forum on China-Africa Cooperation, Sino-Africa relations
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