台商赴中國大陸對外直接投資的區位選擇之行為,以個體選擇理論來說,是會受到業界廠商本身的產品及企業特性與區域位置及條件的影響,其本研究重點是著重在探討區位選擇的影響因素。由於台商赴中國大陸投資設廠就是對外直接投資(FDI)的一環,所以本研究針對台商赴中國大陸投資設廠之區位選擇的五大影響因素,藉由電子零組件業為例,並在業界廠商訪談中,整理分析相互間的影響關係,並探討分析實際區位選擇的研究結果與建議。
由本研究設定台商赴中國大陸投資設廠的區位選擇之五大影響因素為「當地政策因素」、「經濟及市場因素」、「產業群聚及生態面因素」、「同業競爭因素」及「其他因素」。在最終研究結果中,可發現台商赴中國大陸對外直接投資是繼續沿用台灣原本的生產模式,進而產生產業群聚之原有特性,經由訪談的過程中,已實際了解區位選擇的五大影響因素。因此本研究結果與建議,可做為企業廠商赴中國大陸投資設廠區位選擇之參考因素。
本研究之個案企業未來投資區位的結果顯示,業界廠商還是會以中國大陸為投資設廠考量的首選地區,但以本研究結果所呈現的觀點分析下,至少在目前台商赴中國大陸對外直接投資的區位選擇行為中,還是會深受五大影響因素所做出最終的決策及實行要件,這也再次證明區位選擇對任何地區的投資設廠都有不可或缺的必要性。
The location choice is affected by the products & the characteristics of the enterprises and the area. This study focuses on the factors of the location choice. Taiwanese businessmen directly investing and setting up plants in Mainland China is an aspect of FDI. Therefore, this study focuses on 5 main factors of Location Choice. By interviewing manufacturers of electronic parts, we try to analyze the inter-relationship and give suggestions.
The 5 main factors are Local factor, Economic and Market factor, cluster factor, competition factor and other factors. At the end of the study, we may find the method of FDI is actually continuing the original one, and gradually forming the effect of cluster. Through interviewing, we can understand the 5 factors, and provide results and suggestions.
According to this study, Taiwanese manufacturers would still choose Mainland China as their primary area for investment. However, the result of this study shows the location choice is still deeply influenced by the 5 factors. It also proves that location choice plays an important role in deciding the areas for investment.