| 摘要: | 中文摘要
本研究主要目的在瞭解身心障礙兒童的父母參與親子遊戲治療訓練前後，對父母本身覺察自我及教養上的影響為何、對健康子女在情緒及行為部分的理解有哪些、是否和以前不同。本研究參與者共計五位父母、五位健康子女，共進行十次、每週二小時的團體。研究者在團體開始前、結束後分別與參與的父母進行半結構式的深度訪談，採質性研究的內容分析法進行資料分析，研究結果說明如下：
一、 父母對於自我及教養上的覺察，是本研究改變最多的部分。歸納有「自我認識」、「自我情緒」、「親職教養」、「夫妻關係的影響」等四個向度。研究結果發現父母們開始重視「自我照顧」，發現越能「接納與包容自己」，就越能「接納與包容孩子」，並開始「自我改變」，包含與配偶的相處模式。父母覺察到自身最多的情緒有「生氣憤怒」和「愧疚自責」、其次「沮喪與無力感」和「憂鬱、不公平」。健康子女的自我肯定和父母有關。親子衝突可能受到父母本身原生家庭的一些教養觀和衝突背景影響所致。夫妻關係會影響親子關係。
二、 父母對健康子女情緒的理解，研究結果顯示「開心、滿足、成就感」等正向情緒增加、「不公平、生氣憤怒」等負向情緒明顯減少，父母們開始重視孩子的情緒、允許孩子有情緒發洩的空間和時間，父母亦發現覺察到自身的情緒越多、越接納自己，就越能夠去同理孩子、理解孩子。
三、 父母對健康子女行為的理解，發現自信心提升、主動性增加、願意多嘗試，與父母的互動改變最多，包含親子關係親密度增加、相處更融洽，在規範的遵守、爭執衝突上的處理等變得較能接受、無理取鬧的行為減少、較願意與父母溝通等。父母更認同遊戲的重要性與功能性，對於刀槍等遊戲物件的接受度提高。
綜合而論，親子遊戲治療能增進父母對自我及教養上之覺察，增加對健康子女情緒及行為的理解與接納。本研究依據研究結果提出具體建議，供未來相關研究及實務工作者之參考。
關鍵字：親子遊戲治療、身心障礙兒童之父母及手足、行為、情緒、自我覺察
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of the Child-Parent Relationship Therapy on the parents of the disabled children including the parent’s self-awareness and how they understand their non-disabled children’s emotions and behavior. The participants of this research include a total of five parents engaging a two-hour group session every week for ten weeks. The investigation contains semi-structure interviews before and after the ten-week sessions for each parent; Content analysis was conducted for analyzing the data, and the results are shown as follows:
1. Regarding to parents’ self-awareness, the results indicate that these parents have a lot their own emotions, parenting, and influence of marital relationship on parenting. The results discover that parents began to pay attention to “self-care,” realizing that the more “self-acceptance and self-containment” they have, the more acceptance and containment they have for their children. They are more aware of that the marital relationship may have impacts on their parent-child relationship. These parents perceive more of their emotions such as anger, guilt, frustration, powerlessness, depression, and injustice. These parents realize that self-confidence of their non-disabled children is related to their own interaction with their children.
2. These parent’s understanding of the emotions of their non-disabled children has concluded to the results that they understand more positive emotions, such as happiness, content, and a sense of accomplishment while negative emotions, such as feeling unfair and angry has significantly reduced. These parents begin to stress the importance of children’s emotion, allowing the space and time for emotional venting. The results suggest that the more these parents realize their own emotions, the higher capability they have to understand and feel empathy for their children.
3. Concerning these parents’ understanding of the behavior of their non-disabled children, the results showed that these parents have perceived their children as having more self-confidence, self-initiations, and willingness to try different things. The parent-child relationship has improved including feeling more intimate with their children, more positive interaction, decreasing conflicts and disputes, and their children’s more willingness to communicate with them. These parents also recognize the importance of play and have higher acceptance of having diverse toys.
In summary, the Child-Parent Relationship Therapy seems to increase these parents’ self-awareness and promote the understanding of their non-disabled children’s behavior and emotions. Discussions based on the research results are included and specific suggestions are provided for future study and practitioners.
Keywords: Child-Parent Relationship Therapy, Filial Therapy, parents and siblings of disabled children, behavior, emotion, self-awareness |
