| 摘要: | 經濟發展過程中，勞動力表現於初級產業下降及服務業之成長。隨著漁業環境改變，導致傳統漁業經營困難，轉型休閒漁業勢在必行。然而漁民轉營休閒漁業後，心理能適應轉業變化嗎？轉營休閒漁業價值為何？本研究以澎湖為研究地點，並從勞動力遷徙理論設計轉業動機量表；轉業者工作價值觀量表精簡自Super (1970)之工作價值觀量表；轉業者工作適應量表參考明尼蘇達滿意問卷設計。問卷發出650份，有效問卷為625份，回收率為96.2%。採用描述統計、因素分析、單因子變異數分析、多變量變異數分析、Pearson積差相關、典型相關等資料分析方法。研究結果發現：
一、轉業者大部分為中年男性，平均月收入在20,000元到29,999元之間。
二、轉業者多因為傳統漁業環境沒落，興起轉業之想法；較重視的工作價 值觀為自我實現和成長發展；在工作表現方面適應較為良好。
三、轉業者之轉業動機與工作適應有顯著相關，較重視社會地位或經濟福 利之轉業者會在升遷前景良好與自身工作表現較好的情形中適應較佳，並較具有服務熱誠。
四、轉業者之工作價值觀與其工作適應呈現正相關，並以「工作表現」的 影響最大。
五、工作價值觀以年齡差異最大。年齡、教育程度、個人收入在工作適應 上差異較大。
This study was focused the workers’ flow from the primary industries into the service sector. Attempts were made, using recreational fishery as an example, to explore why the workers change their jobs from traditional fishery into recreational fishery, how they value their new jobs in the tourism industry, and how they adjust themselves to face the job change between two industries with different nature. The theories regarding the job change motivation, work values and work adjustment, developed in the human resource management field, are used in this genuine topic. Questionnaire surveys were conducted in this empirical research. Items employed in previous literature were used to develop the questionnaire. The main variables included in the questionnaire were the recreational fishery workers’ demographic information, their job change motivations, work values and work adjustment. Penghu was the chosen location for conducting case study for its prosperous development of recreational fishery. The six hundred and fifty data was distributed, and the valid sample size was 625. The response rate was 96.2%. The data was analyzed by factor analysis, one-way ANOVA, MANOVA, Pearson correlation and cononical correlation. The results are summarized as follows:
1. Male workers over 31s with monthly income between 20,000NTD to 29,999NTD were the main group who changed their jobs.
2. The main motivation for workers change their jobs was due to the fishery environment to degenerate that from traditional fishery into recreational fishery. “Self-actulization” was most important workers value and the workers adjusted in “Job performance”.
3. Work value factors were significantly influenced by job change factors.
4. Work adjustment factors were significantly influenced by work value factors.
5. Some of the work adjustment factors were significantly different influenced by age, education level and monthly income. |
